Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008
CTLA-4 blockade enhances polyfunctional NY-ESO-1 specific T cell responses in metastatic melanoma patients with clinical benefit.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 191 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
191 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 341 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers, measured during therapy, for response of melanoma patients to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.Melanoma research · 2019Pooled it
- Systemic immunomodulation by irreversible electroporation versus stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: the CROSSFIRE trial.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- Flt3 ligand augments immune responses to anti-DEC-205-NY-ESO-1 vaccine through expansion of dendritic cell subsets.Nature cancer · 2020Trial
- TriMix and tumor antigen mRNA electroporated dendritic cell vaccination plus ipilimumab: link between T-cell activation and clinical responses in advanced melanoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2020Trial
- TNFRSF14 aberrations in follicular lymphoma increase clinically significant allogeneic T-cell responses.Blood · 2016Trial
- Resiquimod as an immunologic adjuvant for NY-ESO-1 protein vaccination in patients with high-risk melanoma.Cancer immunology research · 2015Trial
- Long-term clinical outcome of melanoma patients treated with messenger RNA-electroporated dendritic cell therapy following complete resection of metastases.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2015Trial
- Randomized phase I pharmacokinetic study of ipilimumab with or without one of two different chemotherapy regimens in patients with untreated advanced melanoma.Cancer immunity · 2013Trial
- Diversity of antigen-specific responses induced in vivo with CTLA-4 blockade in prostate cancer patients.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2012Trial
- An immune-active tumor microenvironment favors clinical response to ipilimumab.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2012Trial
- Assessment of association between BRAF-V600E mutation status in melanomas and clinical response to ipilimumab.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2012Trial
- Efficacy of vaccination with recombinant vaccinia and fowlpox vectors expressing NY-ESO-1 antigen in ovarian cancer and melanoma patients.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Trial
- CTLA-4 blockade increases antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells in prevaccinated patients with melanoma: three cases.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2011Trial
- CTLA4 blockade induces frequent tumor infiltration by activated lymphocytes regardless of clinical responses in humans.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2011Trial
- Extended dose ipilimumab with a peptide vaccine: immune correlates associated with clinical benefit in patients with resected high-risk stage IIIc/IV melanoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2011Trial
- Immunologic response to xenogeneic gp100 DNA in melanoma patients: comparison of particle-mediated epidermal delivery with intramuscular injection.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2010Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of a human and mouse gp100 DNA vaccine in a phase I trial of patients with melanoma.Cancer immunity · 2009Trial
- T cell-intrinsic VISTA expression promotes resistance to CTLA-4 blockade by restricting CD8+ T cell responses.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Humoral IgG1 responses to tumor antigens underpin clinical outcomes in immune checkpoint blockade.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Tumor antigen-associated autoantibodies: generation mechanisms, roles in tumorigenesis and progression, and clinical application prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
131 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Blockade of inhibitory signals mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) has been shown to enhance T cell responses and induce durable clinical responses in patients with metastatic melanoma. The functional impact of anti-CTLA-4 therapy on human immune responses is still unclear. To explore this, we analyzed immune-related adverse events and immune responses in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab, a fully human anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody. Fifteen patients were selected on the basis of availability of suitable specimens for immunologic monitoring, and eight of these showed evidence of clinical benefit. Five of the eight patients with evidence of clinical benefit had NY-ESO-1 antibody, whereas none of seven clinical non-responders was seropositive for NY-ESO-1. All five NY-ESO-1 seropositive patients had clearly detectable CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells against NY-ESO-1 following treatment with ipilimumab. One NY-ESO-1 seronegative clinical responder also had a NY-ESO-1 CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response, possibly related to prior vaccination with NY-ESO-1. Among five clinical non-responders analyzed, only one had a NY-ESO-1 CD4(+) T cell response and this patient did not have detectable anti-NY-ESO-1 antibody. Overall, NY-ESO-1-specific T cell responses increased in frequency and functionality during anti-CTLA-4 treatment, revealing a polyfunctional response pattern of IFN-gamma, MIP-1beta and TNF-alpha. We therefore suggest that CTLA-4 blockade enhanced NY-ESO-1 antigen-specific B cell and T cell immune responses in patients with durable objective clinical responses and stable disease. These data provide an immunologic rationale for the efficacy of anti-CTLA-4 therapy and call for immunotherapeutic designs that combine NY-ESO-1 vaccination with CTLA-4 blockade.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.