ArticleNucleic acids research2009
An unnatural base pair system for efficient PCR amplification and functionalization of DNA molecules.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quantifying replication fidelity of unnatural base pairs using nanopore sequencing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Hydrophobic unnatural base pair promotes trigger loop closure and catalysis in cellular RNA polymerase independent of hydrogen bonding.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Selective removal of soluble FLT-1 using a high-affinity DNA aptamer for potential apheresis treatment of preeclampsia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- High-Affinity Six-Letter DNA XenoAptamer Generation by Genetic Alphabet Expansion.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Mini-Hairpin DNA: Extraordinarily Stable Structure and Its Applications.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Review
- Omega Nucleic Acids (ΩNA), Ultimate Nucleic Acids for Future Technology.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- π-π Stacking Determines the Selectivity of Unnatural DNA Base Pairs Even without Polymerase.ACS physical chemistry Au · 2026Article
- Expanding DNA alphabet adds a previously unknown dimension to nanostructures.Science advances · 2026Article
- Aptamer Engineering: Strategies for Discovering Functional Nucleic Acids for Next-Generation Diagnostics and Biosensing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Expanded genetic alphabet increases structural and chemical diversity of six-letter DNA for high-affinity protein-targeting aptamers.Nature communications · 2025Article
- An unnatural base pair for the detection of epigenetic cytosine modifications in DNA.Nature chemistry · 2025Article
- Direct high-throughput deconvolution of non-canonical bases via nanopore sequencing and bootstrapped learning.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Nucleic acid joining enzymes: biological functions and synthetic applications beyond DNA.The Biochemical journal · 2025Review
- Article
- Cracking the Code: Reprogramming the Genetic Script in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes to Harness the Power of Noncanonical Amino Acids.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- Detecting Hachimoji DNA: An Eight-Building-Block Genetic System with MoSACS applied materials & interfaces · 2024Article
- Enzymatic Preparation of DNA with an Expanded Genetic Alphabet Using Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase and Its Applications.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Strict Interactions of Fifth Letters, Hydrophobic Unnatural Bases, in XenoAptamers with Target Proteins.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2023Article
- Locating, tracing and sequencing multiple expanded genetic letters in complex DNA context via a bridge-base approach.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- The Expanded Central Dogma: Genome Resynthesis, Orthogonal Biosystems, Synthetic Genetics.Annual review of biophysics · 2023Review
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Toward the expansion of the genetic alphabet, we present an unnatural base pair system for efficient PCR amplification, enabling the site-specific incorporation of extra functional components into DNA. This system can be applied to conventional PCR protocols employing DNA templates containing unnatural bases, natural and unnatural base triphosphates, and a 3'-->5' exonuclease-proficient DNA polymerase. For highly faithful and efficient PCR amplification involving the unnatural base pairing, we identified the natural-base sequences surrounding the unnatural bases in DNA templates by an in vitro selection technique, using a DNA library containing the unnatural base. The system facilitates the site-specific incorporation of a variety of modified unnatural bases, linked with functional groups of interest, into amplified DNA. DNA fragments (0.15 amol) containing the unnatural base pair can be amplified 10(7)-fold by 30 cycles of PCR, with <1% total mutation rate of the unnatural base pair site. Using the system, we demonstrated efficient PCR amplification and functionalization of DNA fragments for the extremely sensitive detection of zeptomol-scale target DNA molecules from mixtures with excess amounts (pmol scale) of foreign DNA species. This unnatural base pair system will be applicable to a wide range of DNA/RNA-based technologies.
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