ArticleInflammation2009
The degradation of glycosaminoglycans by intestinal microflora deteriorates colitis in mice.
Article in Inflammation, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Effects of Glucosamine and Chondroitin Sulfate on Gut Microbial Composition: A Systematic Review of Evidence from Animal and Human Studies.Nutrients · 2019Pooled it
- Investigating the relationship between intestinal microbiota and Th1/Th2/Th17 imbalance in subclinical hypothyroidism during the first half of pregnancy: a multi-omics approach.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Donkey Milk Improves Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Protecting Gut Barrier Function, Inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway, and Modulating Gut Microbiota.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- Microbes with higher metabolic independence are enriched in human gut microbiomes under stress.eLife · 2025Article
- Effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose and xylotriose on plasma immunoglobulin, cecal metabolites production, microbial ecology, and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Categorization of the effects of E. coli LF82 and mutants lacking the chuT and shuU genes on survival, the transcriptome, and metabolome in germ-free honeybee.FEBS open bio · 2024Article
- Glucosamine use, smoking and risk of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a large prospective cohort study.The British journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- Role of the Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Neonatal Piglets Are Protected from Clostridioides difficile Infection by Age-Dependent Increase in Intestinal Microbial Diversity.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Disparities in the gut metabolome of post-operative Hirschsprung's disease patients.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The gut microbiota in osteoarthritis: where do we stand and what can we do?Arthritis research & therapy · 2021Review
- Interactions of the microbiome with pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches for the management of ageing-related musculoskeletal diseases.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2021Review
- Intestinal inflammation alters mucosal carbohydrate foraging and monosaccharide incorporation into microbial glycans.Cellular microbiology · 2021Article
- The reduction of DSS-induced colitis severity in mice exposed to cigarette smoke is linked to immune modulation and microbial shifts.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Dietary Fiber Pectin Ameliorates Experimental Colitis in a Neutral Sugar Side Chain-Dependent Manner.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- CSA13 inhibits colitis-associated intestinal fibrosis via a formyl peptide receptor like-1 mediated HMG-CoA reductase pathway.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Gut Microbiome Function Predicts Response to Anti-integrin Biologic Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Cell host & microbe · 2017Article
- Highly Heterogeneous Probiotic Lactobacillus Species in Healthy Iranians with Low Functional Activities.PloS one · 2015Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The biosynthesis and modification of mucopolysaccharides and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), secreted from gastrointestinal mucosal cells, are increased in colitis and influence the viability of the defense barrier. Therefore, to evaluate the role of GAG-degrading intestinal microflora during the progression of colitis, we investigated the degradation activity of intestinal bacterial GAG, cytotoxicity of GAGs and their metabolites, such as iduronic acid, D: -uronic acid or D: -glucuronic acid and D: -galactosamine or D: -glucosamine, against intestinal cells. We also tested their deteriorative effects against colitis. Colitis was induced using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) with and without antibiotics in mice. The TNBS treatment caused colon shortening, increased myeloperoxidase activity, induced IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 expression in the colon, activated NF-kappaB, and potentiated the GAG-degrading activities of intestinal microflora. The antibiotic treatment inhibited colon shortening, decreased myeloperoxidase activity, and reduced proinflammatory cytokine expression, NF-kappaB activation, and GAG degradation, induced by TNBS. Among the GAG metabolites, d-glucosamine and d-galactosamine showed cytotoxicity against intestinal cells, Caco-2 and IEC-18 cells, synergistically deteriorated the cytotoxicity of TNBS as well as the TNBS-induced colitis in mice. Based on these findings, intestinal microflora may degrade GAGs in colitis, their metabolites deteriorate the progress of colitis and antibiotics ameliorate the colitis by the inhibition of GAG-degrading bacterial growth.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.