ArticleEnvironmental health perspectives2008
Childhood lymphohematopoietic cancer incidence and hazardous air pollutants in southeast Texas, 1995-2004.
Article in Environmental health perspectives, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 127 citations in OpenAlex.
- Parental, In Utero, and Early-Life Exposure to Benzene and the Risk of Childhood Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis.American journal of epidemiology · 2016Pooled it
- A review and meta-analysis of outdoor air pollution and risk of childhood leukemia.Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Environmental carcinogenesis & ecotoxicology reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Residential traffic exposure and childhood leukemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American journal of preventive medicine · 2014Pooled it
- Linking Air Pollution and Hematologic Malignancies: From Epidemiology to Molecular Mechanisms.Current hematologic malignancy reports · 2026Review
- Association Between Petroleum Compounds Exposure and Risk of Childhood Leukemia: A Systematic Review.Blood and lymphatic cancer : targets and therapy · 2026Review
- Cumulative Exposure to Unconventional Natural Gas Development and the Risk of Childhood Cancer: A Registry-Based Case-Control Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Implications of petrochemical exposure and epigenetic alterations on human health.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025Review
- Association of Residential Exposure to Hazardous Air Pollutants with Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, and tobacco-specific nitrosamines and incidence of esophageal cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Carcinogenic Risk Assessment among Children and Adult due to Exposure to Toxic Air Pollutants.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Article
- 1,3-Butadiene: a ubiquitous environmental mutagen and its associations with diseases.Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society · 2022Review
- Review
- Using Spatial Analysis to Examine Potential Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in an Environmental Justice Community After Hurricane Harvey.Environmental justice (Print) · 2019Article
- Evaluation of Benzene Exposure and Early Biomarkers of Kidney Damage in Children Exposed to Solvents Due to Precarious Work in Ticul, Yucatán, México.Annals of global health · 2019Article
- Predictors of residential mobility and its impact on air pollution exposure among children diagnosed with early childhood leukemia.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2019Article
- Hypospadias Risk from Maternal Residential Exposure to Heavy Metal Hazardous Air Pollutants.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Implications of the GC-HARMS Fishermen's Citizen Science Network: Issues Raised, Lessons Learned, and Next Steps for the Network and Citizen Science.New solutions : a journal of environmental and occupational health policy : NS · 2019Article
- Engaged Environmental Science for Underserved Youth.Environmental education research · 2019Article
- Health Risks Associated With Benzene Exposure in Children: A Systematic Review.Global pediatric health · 2018Article
- Benzene and childhood acute leukemia in Oklahoma.Environmental research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCancer is the second leading cause of death among U.S. children with few known risk factors. There is increasing interest in the role of air pollutants, including benzene and 1,3-butadiene, in the etiology of childhood cancers.
objectiveOur goal was to assess whether census tracts with the highest benzene or 1,3-butadiene ambient air levels have increased childhood lymphohematopoietic cancer incidence.
methodsOur ecologic analysis included 977 cases of childhood lymphohematopoietic cancer diagnosed from 1995-2004. We obtained the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 1999 modeled estimates of benzene and 1,3-butadiene for 886 census tracts surrounding Houston, Texas. We ran Poisson regression models by pollutant to explore the associations between pollutant levels and census-tract cancer rates. We adjusted models for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and community-level socioeconomic status (cSES).
resultsCensus tracts with the highest benzene levels had elevated rates of all leukemia [rate ratio (RR) = 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05, 1.78]. This association was higher for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (RR = 2.02; 95% CI, 1.03-3.96) than for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (RR = 1.24; 95% CI, 0.92-1.66). Among census tracts with the highest 1,3-butadiene levels, we observed RRs of 1.40 (95% CI, 1.07-1.81), 1.68 (95% CI, 0.84-3.35), and 1.32 (95% CI, 0.98-1.77) for all leukemia, AML, and ALL, respectively. We detected no associations between benzene or 1,3-butadiene levels and lymphoma incidence. Results that examined joint exposure to benzene and 1,3-butadiene were similar to those that examined each pollutant separately.
conclusionsOur ecologic analysis suggests an association between childhood leukemia and hazardous air pollution; further research using more sophisticated methodology is warranted.
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Registered trials
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