ReviewAmerican journal of audiology2008
Cross-modal interactions of auditory and somatic inputs in the brainstem and midbrain and their imbalance in tinnitus and deafness.
Review in American journal of audiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A multidisciplinary European guideline for tinnitus: diagnostics, assessment, and treatment.HNO · 2019Guideline
- Association Between Subjective Tinnitus and Cervical Spine or Temporomandibular Disorders: A Systematic Review.Trends in hearingPooled it
- Bimodal Stimulation of the Auditory-Somatosensory System Improves Auditory Sensory Gating Function in Patients with Tinnitus.Journal of the American Academy of Audiology · 2026Trial
- Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) of upper cervical nerve (C2) for the treatment of somatic tinnitus.Experimental brain research · 2010Trial
- Mandibular Movement During Swallowing in Patients with Tinnitus: An Instrumented Case-Control Study.Audiology research · 2026Article
- The Association Between Temporomandibular Disorders and Tinnitus: Evidence and Therapeutic Perspectives from a Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Differential cholinergic innervation of lemniscal versus non-lemniscal regions of the inferior colliculus.Journal of chemical neuroanatomy · 2024Article
- Comparative study on structural and functional brain differences in mild cognitive impairment patients with tinnitus.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Characterization of three cholinergic inputs to the cochlear nucleus.Journal of chemical neuroanatomy · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of Dry Needling in Bothersome Chronic Tinnitus in Patients with Myofascial Trigger Points.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2022Article
- Tinnitus and auditory cortex; Using adapted functional near-infrared-spectroscopy to expand brain imaging in humans.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2021Article
- Tinnitus and Brain Stimulation.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2021Article
- Electrophysiological assessment and pharmacological treatment of blast-induced tinnitus.PloS one · 2021Article
- Multi-sensory (auditory and somatosensory) pre-pulse inhibition in mice.Physiology & behavior · 2020Article
- Increased risk of tinnitus following a trigeminal neuralgia diagnosis: a one-year follow-up study.The journal of headache and pain · 2020Article
- Vagus nerve stimulation paired with tones for tinnitus suppression: Effects on voice and hearing.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2020Article
- Article
- Excitation of the Auditory System as a Result of Non-invasive Extra-Cochlear Stimulation in Normal Subjects and Tinnitus Patients.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Article
- Somatosensory Cross-Modal Reorganization in Adults With Age-Related, Early-Stage Hearing Loss.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2018Article
- A Pilot Study of Peripheral Muscle Magnetic Stimulation as Add-on Treatment to Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Chronic Tinnitus.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThis review outlines the anatomical and functional bases of somatosensory influences on auditory processing in the normal brainstem and midbrain. It then explores how interactions between the auditory and somatosensory system are modified through deafness, and their impact on tinnitus is discussed.
methodLiterature review, tract tracing, immunohistochemistry, and in vivo electrophysiological recordings were used.
resultsSomatosensory input originates in the dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia, and is transmitted directly and indirectly through 2nd-order nuclei to the ventral cochlear nucleus, dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), and inferior colliculus. The glutamatergic somatosensory afferents can be segregated from auditory nerve inputs by the type of vesicular glutamate transporters present in their terminals. Electrical stimulation of the somatosensory input results in a complex combination of excitation and inhibition, and alters the rate and timing of responses to acoustic stimulation. Deafness increases the spontaneous rates of those neurons that receive excitatory somatosensory input and results in a greater sensitivity of DCN neurons to trigeminal stimulation.
conclusionsAuditory-somatosensory bimodal integration is already present in 1st-order auditory nuclei. The balance of excitation and inhibition elicited by somatosensory input is altered following deafness. The increase in somatosensory influence on auditory neurons when their auditory input is diminished could be due to cross-modal reinnervation or increased synaptic strength, and may contribute to mechanisms underlying somatic tinnitus.
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