ArticleEuropean journal of immunology2009
Photodynamic vaccination of hamsters with inducible suicidal mutants of Leishmania amazonensis elicits immunity against visceral leishmaniasis.
Article in European journal of immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- An inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induced cross-neutralizing persisting antibodies and protected against challenge in small animals.iScience · 2023Article
- Leishmaniasis Vaccines: Applications of RNA Technology and Targeted Clinical Trial Designs.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- Vaccination in Leishmaniasis: A Review Article.Iranian biomedical journal · 2022Article
- Photodynamic inactivation of Leishmania braziliensis doubly sensitized with uroporphyrin and diamino-phthalocyanine activates effector functions of macrophages in vitro.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- SuicidalPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of T-Cell Epitopes Derived From Potential Th1 Stimulatory Proteins ofFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Photodynamic Vaccination of BALB/c Mice for Prophylaxis of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused byFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- New "light" for one-world approach toward safe and effective control of animal diseases and insect vectors from leishmaniac perspectives.Parasites & vectors · 2016Review
- Aminophthalocyanine-Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation of Leishmania tropica.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Characterization of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen of Leishmania donovani clinical isolates and its association with antimony resistance.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Article
- Visceral Leishmaniasis: Advancements in Vaccine Development via Classical and Molecular Approaches.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Review
- Article
- Development of Vaccines against Visceral Leishmaniasis.Journal of tropical medicine · 2012Article
- Article
- Combinational sensitization of Leishmania with uroporphyrin and aluminum phthalocyanine synergistically enhances their photodynamic inactivation in vitro and in vivo.Photochemistry and photobiologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Leishmania, naturally residing in the phagolysosomes of macrophages, is a suitable carrier for vaccine delivery. Genetic complementation of these trypanosomatid protozoa to partially rectify their defective heme-biosynthesis renders them inducible with delta-aminolevulinate to develop porphyria for selective photolysis, leaving infected host cells unscathed. Delivery of released "vaccines" to antigen-presenting cells is thus expected to enhance immune response, while their self-destruction presents added advantages of safety. Such suicidal L. amazonensis was found to confer immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy on hamsters against L. donovani. Neither heat-killed nor live parasites without suicidal induction were effective. Photodynamic vaccination of hamsters with the suicidal mutants reduced the parasite loads by 99% and suppressed the development of disease. These suppressions were accompanied by an increase in Leishmania-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity and lymphoproliferation as well as in the levels of splenic iNOS, IFN-gamma, and IL-12 expressions and of Leishmania-specific IgG2 in the serum. Moreover, a single intravenous administration of T cells from vaccinated hamsters was shown to confer on naïve animals an effective cellular immunity against L. donovani challenges. The absence of lesion development at vaccination sites and parasites in the draining lymphnodes, spleen and liver further indicates that the suicidal mutants provide a safe platform for vaccine delivery against experimental visceral leishmaniasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.