Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19052037›Full record

ArticleJapanese journal of clinical oncology2009

Development history and concept of an oral anticancer agent S-1 (TS-1): its clinical usefulness and future vistas.

Tetsuhiko Shirasaka

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readHistorical Article
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Japanese journal of clinical oncology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 77 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02454062 phase1completednot on this mapstarted 2013, after this paper: background citation

A Phase I, Open-Label, Non-Randomized, Dose-Escalating Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetic Study of TAS-114 in Combination With S-1 in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors

TypeinterventionalSponsorTaiho Oncology, Inc.Ran2013 to 2017Enrolled120ConditionsAdvanced Solid TumorsArmsTAS-114, S-1
NCT03700333 phase3unknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

Clinical Research of S-1 Versus Pemetrexed in the Maintenance Treatment of Advanced Non-squamous Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical UniversityRan2018 to 2019Enrolled120ConditionsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungArmsS-1 therapy, Pemetrexed therapy
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Phase II study of adjuvant chemotherapy of S-1 plus oxaliplatin for patients with stage III gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2017
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  10. BAK is a predictive and prognostic biomarker for the therapeutic effect of docetaxel treatment in patients with advanced gastric cancer.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2016
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17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Tetsuhiko ShirasakaKitasato Institute for Life Science, Kitasato University, Shirogane, Tokyo, Japan. t-shirasaka@ccpg.jp
Kitasato Institute Hospital · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dushinsky et al. left a great gift to human beings with the discovery of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Approximately 50 years have elapsed from that discovery to the development of S-1 (TS-1). The concept of developing an anticancer agent that simultaneously possesses both efficacy-enhancing and adverse reaction-reducing effects could be achieved only with a three-component combination drug. S-1 is an oral anticancer agent containing two biochemical modulators for 5-FU and tegafur (FT), a metabolically activated prodrug of 5-FU. The first modulator, 5-chloro-2,4-dihydroxypyridine (CDHP), enhances the pharmacological actions of 5-FU by potently inhibiting its degradation. The second modulator, potassium oxonate (Oxo), localizing in mucosal cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract after oral administration, reduces the incidence of GI toxicities by suppressing the activation of 5-FU in the GI tract. Thus, S-1 combines FT, CDHP and Oxo at a molar ratio of 1:0.4:1. In 1999-2007, S-1 was approved for the treatment of the following seven cancers: gastric, head and neck, colorectal, non-small cell lung, breast, pancreatic and biliary tract cancers. 'S-1 and low-dose cisplatin therapy' without provoking Grade 3 non-hematologic toxicities was proposed to enhance its clinical usefulness. Furthermore, 'alternate-day S-1 regimen' may improve the dosing schedule for 5-FU by utilizing its strongly time-dependent mode of action; the former is characterized by the low incidences of myelotoxicity and non-hematologic toxicities (e.g. < or =Grade 1 anorexia, fatigue, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting and taste alteration). These two approaches are considered to allow long-lasting therapy with S-1.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntimetabolites, AntineoplasticDrug CombinationsFluorouracilHistory, 20th CenturyHistory, 21st CenturyHumansNeoplasmsOxonic AcidTegafurAntimetabolites, AntineoplasticDrug CombinationsFluorouracilOxonic AcidS 1 (combination)Tegafur

Identifiers

PMID19052037
PMCPMC2639406
OpenAlexW2153244200

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.