ReviewJournal of environmental science and health. Part C, Environmental carcinogenesis & ecotoxicology reviews
Review of usnic acid and Usnea barbata toxicity.
Review in Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Environmental carcinogenesis & ecotoxicology reviews. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- A screening strategy for identifying the developmental and reproductive toxicity potential of botanicals.Pharmaceutical biology · 2026Review
- Lichen-Derived Bioactive Compounds in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk: Experimental Evidence, Mechanisms, and Translational Challenges.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Integrated analysis of usnic acid as a potential inhibitor of dengue NS2B/NS3 protease: DFT, molecular docking, MEP, ADMET, and drug-likeness evaluation.Biotechnologia · 2026Article
- Is the Reindeer LichenMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Natural product as a lead for impairing mitochondrial respiration in cancer cells.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2025Article
- Integration of computational models to predict botanical phytochemical constituent clearance routes by the Extended Clearance Classification System (ECCS).Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2025Article
- Usnic acid and tannic acid as inhibitors of coccidia and Clostridium perfringens: alleviating necrotic enteritis and improving intestinal health in broiler chickens.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2025Article
- In vitro characterization of potential botanicals to reduce infection and improve the rate of wound healing in humans and canines.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Article
- Hepatotoxicity of usnic acid and underlying mechanisms.Journal of environmental science and health. Part C, Toxicology and carcinogenesis · 2025Review
- Four novel endolichenic fungi fromMycoKeys · 2025Article
- Multifaceted Properties of Usnic Acid in Disrupting Cancer Hallmarks.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Screening tools to evaluate the neurotoxic potential of botanicals: building a strategy to assess safety.Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology · 2024Review
- Article
- The pyrazole derivative of usnic acid inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.Cancer cell international · 2023Article
- Review
- Critical Assessment of the Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Usnic Acid and Its Derivatives-A Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Effects of the Dibenzofuran, Usnic Acid, on Inhibition of Ocular Biofilm Formation Due to Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2023Article
- Safety in Rats of a Novel Nasal Spray Formulation for the Prevention of Airborne Viral Infections.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Metabolism and toxicity of usnic acid and barbatic acid based on microsomes, S9 fraction, and 3T3 fibroblastsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Advances in Research on Bioactivity, Toxicity, Metabolism, and Pharmacokinetics of Usnic Acid In Vitro and In Vivo.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Usnic acid is a prominent secondary lichen metabolite that has been used for various purposes worldwide. Crude extracts of usnic acid or pure usnic acid have been marketed in the United States as dietary supplements to aid in weight loss. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) received 21 reports of liver toxicity related to the ingestion of dietary supplements that contain usnic acid. This prompted the FDA to issue a warning about one such supplement, LipoKinetix, in 2001 (http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/ds-lipo.html). Subsequently, usnic acid and Usnea barbata lichen were nominated by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) for toxicity evaluations. At present, a toxicological evaluation of usnic acid is being conducted by the NTP. This review focuses on the recent findings of usnic acid-induced toxicities and their underlying mechanisms of action.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.