ArticleJournal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia2008
IGF-I, GH, and sex steroid effects in normal mammary gland development.
Article in Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adolescent endogenous sex hormones and breast density in early adulthood.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2015Trial
- Mammary gland development and function in maternal obesity and gestational diabetes.Current opinion in physiology · 2026Article
- The rat mammary gland undergoes dynamic transcriptomic and lipidomic modifications from pre-puberty to adulthood.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Adult withdrawal of long-term Benzophenone-3 treatment induces regression of mammary ductal branching in a diet-dependent manner.Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2025Article
- Decoding the mechanisms behind second primary cancers.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Effects ofAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Mesenchyme instructs growth while epithelium directs branching in the mouse mammary gland.eLife · 2024Article
- Coated cysteamine, a potential feed additive for ruminants - An updated review.Animal bioscience · 2024Article
- DNA methylation and gene expression changes in mouse mammary tissue during successive lactations: part II - the impact of lactation rank.Epigenetics · 2023Article
- Development of the mammary glands and its regulation: how not all species are equal.Animal frontiers : the review magazine of animal agriculture · 2023Article
- Adverse Effects of High Temperature On Mammary Alveolar Development In Vitro.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2022Article
- The Mammary Gland: Basic Structure and Molecular Signaling during Development.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Human Breast Extracellular Matrix Microstructures and Protein Hydrogel 3D Cultures of Mammary Epithelial Cells.Cancers · 2021Article
- Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecium co-fermented feed regulates lactating sow's performance, immune status and gut microbiota.Microbial biotechnology · 2021Article
- Effects of Soybean Isoflavone and Astragalus Polysaccharide Mixture on Colostrum Components, Serum Antioxidant, Immune and Hormone Levels of Lactating Sows.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021Article
- Maternal Low-Protein Diet Deregulates DNA Repair and DNA Replication Pathways in Female Offspring Mammary Gland Leading to Increased Chemically Induced Rat Carcinogenesis in Adulthood.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Review
- The Multi-Faced Role of PAPP-A in Post-Partum Breast Cancer: IGF-Signaling is Only the Beginning.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2020Review
- A risk-associated Active transcriptome phenotype expressed by histologically normal human breast tissue and linked to a pro-tumorigenic adipocyte population.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2020Article
- Exogenous porcine somatotropin stimulates mammary development in late-pregnant gilts.Journal of animal science · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although the pubertal surge of estrogen is the immediate stimulus to mammary development, the action of estrogen depends upon the presence of pituitary growth hormone and the ability of GH to stimulate production of IGF-I in the mammary gland. Growth hormone binds to its receptor in the mammary fat pad, after which production of IGF-I mRNA and IGF-I protein occurs. It is likely that IGF-I then works through paracrine means to stimulate formation of TEBs, which then form ducts by bifurcating or trifurcating and extending through the mammary fat pad. By the time pubertal development is complete a tree-like structure of branching ducts fills the rodent mammary fat pad. In addition to requiring IGF-I in order to act, estradiol also directly synergizes with IGF-I to enhance formation of TEBs and ductal morphogenesis. Together they increase IRS-1 phosphorylation and cell proliferation, and inhibit apoptosis. In fact, the entire process of ductal morphogenesis, in oophorectomized IGF-I(-/-) knockout female mice, can occur as a result of the combined actions of estradiol and IGF-I. IGF-I also permits progesterone action in the mammary gland. Together they have been shown to stimulate a form of ductal morphogenesis, which is anatomically different from the kind induced by IGF-I and estradiol. Although both progesterone and estradiol synergize with IGF-I by increasing IGF-I action parameters, there must be other, as yet unknown mechanisms that account for the anatomical differences in the different forms of ductal morphogenesis observed (hyperplasia in response to IGF-I plus estradiol and single layered ducts in response to IGF-I plus progesterone).
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.