SynthesisDiabetes care2008
Depression and type 2 diabetes over the lifespan: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Diabetes care, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 685 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Manual Medicine or Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Chronic Uncontrolled Diabetes Within a Shared Primary Care Visit (A Randomized Clinical Trial)
The TELE-DD Project: a Nurse-led Randomised Controlled Trial on Treatment Adherence in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Comorbid Depression
Who cites it
685 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,528 citations in OpenAlex.
- Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis Identifies Risk Factors for Acute and Persistent Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Symptoms Following Trauma.Depression and anxiety · 2026Pooled it
- Association of depression with glycaemic control in people living with diabetes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Incident diabetes in adolescents using antidepressant: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Structural and functional features of treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review and exploratory coordinate-based meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2023Pooled it
- Depression and determinants among diabetes mellitus patients in Ethiopia, a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- The bidirectional longitudinal association between depressive symptoms and HbADiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2022Pooled it
- Bidirectional association between depression and diabetic nephropathy by meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in China.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Perceived Stress and Early Postpartum Depressive Symptoms in Women with Recent GDM: Implications for Postpartum Lifestyle Programs.Maternal and child health journal · 2025Trial
- Mindfulness-based (non-contact) boxing therapy (MBBT) for depression and anxiety: A feasibility study.PloS one · 2025Trial
- Pilot evaluation on an adapted tele-behavioral activation to increase physical activity in persons with depression: a single-arm pilot study.BMC psychology · 2024Trial
- Curcumin Reduces Depression in Obese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Economic Evaluation of a Web Application Implemented in Primary Care for the Treatment of Depression in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2024Trial
- Effect of modernized collaborative care for depression on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and depressive symptom clusters: Data from the eIMPACT trial.Psychiatry research · 2023Trial
- Community-based diabetes prevention randomized controlled trial in refugees with depression: effects on metabolic outcomes and depression.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- A multimeal paradigm producing a low glycemic response is associated with modest cognitive benefits relative to a high glycemic response: a randomized, crossover trial in patients with type 2 diabetes.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Trial
- Cost-Effectiveness of a Collaborative Care Model Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Depression in India.Diabetes care · 2023Trial
- The Role of Emotional Well-Being in Diabetes Prevention and Management.Annual review of nutrition · 2026Review
- Trends in self-reported current diabetes care use, socioeconomic inequalities, and associated factors in Japan: evidence from the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions (1986-2022).BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Depression and Associated Factors Among Adult Diabetic Men on Follow-Up at Goba and Robe Hospitals: Institution-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
625 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIt has been argued that the relationship between depression and diabetes is bi-directional, but this hypothesis has not been explicitly tested. This systematic review examines the bi-directional prospective relationships between depression and type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsA search was conducted using Medline for publications from 1950 through 2007. Reviewers assessed the eligibility of each report by exposure/outcome measurement and study design. Only comparative prospective studies of depression and type 2 diabetes that excluded prevalent cases of depression (for diabetes predicting depression) or diabetes (for depression predicting diabetes) were included. Two sets of pooled risk estimates were calculated using random effects: depression predicting type 2 diabetes and type 2 diabetes predicting depression.
resultsOf 42 full-text publications reviewed, 13 met eligibility for depression predicting onset of diabetes, representing 6,916 incident cases. Seven met criteria for diabetes predicting onset of depression, representing 6,414 incident cases. The pooled relative risk (RR) for incident depression associated with baseline diabetes was 1.15 (95% CI 1.02-1.30). The RR for incident diabetes associated with baseline depression was 1.60 (1.37-1.88).
conclusionsDepression is associated with a 60% increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is associated with only modest increased risk of depression. Future research should focus on identifying mechanisms linking these conditions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.