ArticleJournal of medical virology2009
Diversifying selective pressure on influenza B virus hemagglutinin.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epidemiological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Influenza B Viruses in Malaysia, 2012-2014.PloS one · 2015Trial
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- Retooling a novel influenza B hemagglutinin to redirect neutralizing antibodies against B/Victoria strains.Vaccine · 2026Article
- Genetic variation and vaccine match of influenza B virus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia during three consecutive seasons, 2020-2023.Virus genes · 2026Article
- A single mutation at position 214 of influenza B hemagglutinin enhances cross-neutralization.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Article
- Functional and Structural Determinants of Long- and Short-Term Evolution of Herpesvirus Proteins.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- PREDAC-FluB: predicting antigenic clusters of seasonal influenza B viruses with protein language model embedding based convolutional neural network.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Review
- Clinical characteristics of outpatients with influenza-B-associated pneumonia and molecular evolution of influenza B virus in Beijing, China, during the 2021-2022 influenza season.Archives of virology · 2024Article
- Genomic epidemiology of seasonal influenza circulation in China during prolonged border closure from 2020 to 2021.Virus evolution · 2022Article
- The impracticalities of multiplicatively-closed codon models: a retreat to linear alternatives.Journal of mathematical biology · 2020Article
- Epidemiology and Genetic Variability of Circulating Influenza B Viruses in Uruguay, 2012-2019.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis of Cellular Response to Influenza B Virus Infection.Viruses · 2020Article
- Influenza B Viruses Exhibit Lower Within-Host Diversity than Influenza A Viruses in Human Hosts.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Molecular evolution of influenza B virus during 2011-2017 in Chaoyang, Beijing, suggesting the free influenza vaccine policy.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Analysis of influenza B virus lineages and the HA1 domain of its hemagglutinin gene in Guangzhou, southern China, during 2016.Virology journal · 2018Article
- Identification and characterization of viral defective RNA genomes in influenza B virus.The Journal of general virology · 2018Article
- Large Scale Analyses and Visualization of Adaptive Amino Acid Changes Projects.Interdisciplinary sciences, computational life sciences · 2018Article
- Evolution of toll-like receptors in the context of terrestrial ungulates and cetaceans diversification.BMC evolutionary biology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza B virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a major surface glycoprotein with frequent amino acid substitutions. However, the roles of antibody selection in the amino acid substitutions of HA were still poorly understood. In order to gain insights into this important issue, an analysis was conducted on a total of 271 HA1 sequences of influenza B virus strains isolated during 1940-2007. In this analysis, phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood (PAML) package was used to detect the existence of positive selection and to identify positively selected sites on HA1. Strikingly, all the positively selected sites were located in the four major epitopes (120-loop, 150-loop, 160-loop, and 190-helix) of HA identified in previous studies, thus supporting a predominant role of antibody selection in HA evolution. Of particular significance is the involvement of the 120-loop in positive selection, which may become increasingly important in future field isolates. Despite the absence of different subtypes, influenza B virus HA continued to evolve into new sublineages, within which the four major epitopes were targeted selectively in positive selection. Thus, any newly emerging strains need to be placed in the context of their evolutionary history in order to understand and predict their epidemic potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.