ArticlePloS one2008
Viral load, clinical disease severity and cellular immune responses in primary varicella zoster virus infection in Sri Lanka.
Article in PloS one, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multisystem inflammation and susceptibility to viral infections in human ZNFX1 deficiency.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Trial
- Varicella-zoster virus infection of the central nervous system: clinical features and proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Effect of Different Adjuvants on the Immunogenicity of a Recombinant Herpes Zoster Vaccine in Mice, Rats and Non-Human Primates.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- Potent and long-lasting humoral and cellular immunity against varicella zoster virus induced by mRNA-LNP vaccine.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Immunogenicity in Mice Immunized with Recombinant Adenoviruses Expressing Varicella-Zoster Virus Envelope Glycoprotein E.Viruses · 2023Article
- Unusual herpetic reactivation in a young female following botox injection: a case report study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Safety and immunogenicity of a skin- and neuro-attenuated live vaccine for varicella: a randomized, double-blind, controlled, dose-escalation and age de-escalation phase 1 clinical trial.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2023Article
- Article
- Persistence of immune responses to the Sinopharm/BBIBP-CorV vaccine.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Article
- Kinetics of immune responses to the AZD1222/Covishield vaccine with varying dose intervals in Sri Lankan individuals.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2022Article
- Immune responses following the first dose of the Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac).Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Kinetics of immune responses to the AZD1222/Covishield vaccine with varying dose intervals in Sri Lankan individuals.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2021Article
- Immune responses to a single dose of the AZD1222/Covishield vaccine in health care workers.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Identification of Immune Responses to Japanese Encephalitis Virus Specific T Cell Epitopes.Frontiers in public health · 2020Article
- The evolution of stage-specific virulence: Differential selection of parasites in juveniles.Evolution letters · 2019Article
- Varicella zoster virus vaccines: an update.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2019Article
- Quantification of dengue virus specific T cell responses and correlation with viral load and clinical disease severity in acute dengue infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Regulatory T-cells in acute dengue viral infection.Immunology · 2018Article
- Chickenpox: an ageless disease.BMJ case reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn Sri Lanka, varicella zoster virus (VZV) is typically acquired during adulthood with significant associated disease morbidity and mortality. T cells are believed to be important in the control of VZV replication and in the prevention of reactivation. The relationship between viral load, disease severity and cellular immune responses in primary VZV infection has not been well studied. METHODOLOGY: We used IFNgamma ELISpot assays and MHC class II tetramers based on VZV gE and IE63 epitopes, together with quantitative real time PCR assays to compare the frequency and phenotype of specific T cells with virological and clinical outcomes in 34 adult Sri Lankan individuals with primary VZV infection. PRINCIPAL
findingsViral loads were found to be significantly higher in patients with moderate to severe infection compared to those with mild infection (p<0.001) and were significantly higher in those over 25 years of age (P<0.01). A significant inverse correlation was seen between the viral loads and the ex vivo IFNgamma ELISpot responses of patients (P<0.001, r = -0.85). VZV-specific CD4+ T cells expressed markers of intermediate differentiation and activation.
conclusionsOverall, these data show that increased clinical severity in Sri Lankan adults with primary VZV infection associates with higher viral load and reduced viral specific T cell responses.
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