ArticleJournal of virology2009
HLA-associated clinical progression correlates with epitope reversion rates in early human immunodeficiency virus infection.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Focusing HIV-1 Gag T cell responses to highly conserved regions by DNA vaccination in HVTN 119.JCI insight · 2024Trial
- Analysis of HLA A*02 association with vaccine efficacy in the RV144 HIV-1 vaccine trial.Journal of virology · 2014Trial
- Using viral diversity to identify HIV-1 variants under HLA-dependent selection in a systematic viral genome-wide screen.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Adaptation to HLA-associated immune pressure over the course of HIV infection and in circulating HIV-1 strains.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Epigenetic Features of HIV-Induced T-Cell Exhaustion Persist Despite Early Antiretroviral Therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Observational
- Clinical and evolutionary consequences of HIV adaptation to HLA: implications for vaccine and cure.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2019Review
- Population-Level Immune-Mediated Adaptation in HIV-1 Polymerase during the North American Epidemic.Journal of virology · 2016Observational
- Effects of neutralizing antibodies on escape from CD8+ T-cell responses in HIV-1 infection.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2015Article
- Key role of human leukocyte antigen in modulating human immunodeficiency virus progression: An overview of the possible applications.World journal of virology · 2015Review
- Structured observations reveal slow HIV-1 CTL escape.PLoS genetics · 2015Article
- Early immune adaptation in HIV-1 revealed by population-level approaches.Retrovirology · 2014Article
- Low level of HIV-1 evolution after transmission from mother to child.Scientific reports · 2014Article
- Genotypic and functional impact of HIV-1 adaptation to its host population during the North American epidemic.PLoS genetics · 2014Article
- Article
- HIV-1 p24(gag) derived conserved element DNA vaccine increases the breadth of immune response in mice.PloS one · 2013Article
- Article
- Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte escape mutations identified by HLA association favor those which escape and revert rapidly.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Evolutionary gamut of in vivo Gag substitutions during early HIV-1 subtype C infection.Virology · 2011Article
- Demographic processes affect HIV-1 evolution in primary infection before the onset of selective processes.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- Phylogenetic analysis consistent with a clinical history of sexual transmission of HIV-1 from a single donor reveals transmission of highly distinct variants.Retrovirology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can evade immunity shortly after transmission to a new host but the clinical significance of this early viral adaptation in HIV infection is not clear. We present an analysis of sequence variation from a longitudinal cohort study of HIV adaptation in 189 acute seroconverters followed for up to 3 years. We measured the rates of variation within well-defined epitopes to determine associations with the HLA-linked hazard of disease progression. We found early reversion across both the gag and pol genes, with a 10-fold faster rate of escape in gag (2.2 versus 0.27 forward mutations/1,000 amino acid sites). For most epitopes (23/34), variation in the HLA-matched and HLA-unmatched controls was similar. For a minority of epitopes (8/34, and generally associated with HLA class I alleles that confer clinical benefit), new variants appeared early and consistently over the first 3 years of infection. Reversion occurred early at a rate which was HLA-dependent and correlated with the HLA class 1-associated relative hazard of disease progression and death (P = 0.0008), reinforcing the association between strong cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses, viral fitness, and disease status. These data provide a comprehensive overview of viral adaptation in the first 3 years of infection. Our findings of HLA-dependent reversion suggest that costs are borne by some escape variants which may benefit the host, a finding contrary to a simple immune evasion paradigm. These epitopes, which are both strongly and frequently recognized, and for which escape involves a high cost to the virus, have the potential to optimize vaccine design.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.