ArticleCell2008
Bleach activates a redox-regulated chaperone by oxidative protein unfolding.
Article in Cell, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 174 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
174 citing papers in PubMed, 395 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel sodium hypochlorite cleanser shows clinical response and excellent acceptability in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.Pediatric dermatologyTrial
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- Protein aggregation as a bistable switch in bacterial cell fate: from adaptive dormancy to cytotoxic death.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Seeding biosensor cell line that reproduces the Alzheimer tau fold.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- Molecular Mechanism of Action of HOCl from Neutral-pH Electrolysed Oxidising Water AgainstJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Oxidative Activation of the Heme Nitric Oxide/Oxygen-Binding Protein (H-NOX) fromBiochemistry · 2025Article
- Fogging with Hydrogen Peroxide and Hypochlorous Acid: An Option for Disinfection and Reuse of Disposable Isolation Gowns in Medical Practice.Microorganisms · 2025Article
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- Switchable client specificity in a dual functional chaperone coordinates light-harvesting complex biogenesis.Science advances · 2025Article
- Deciphering the safeguarding role of cysteine residues in p53 against HCommunications chemistry · 2025Article
- Surfing in the storm: how Paraburkholderia xenovorans thrives under stress during biodegradation of toxic aromatic compounds and other stressors.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2025Review
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- A Novel Silver-Ruthenium-Based Antimicrobial Kills Gram-Negative Bacteria Through Oxidative Stress-Induced Macromolecular Damage.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Choosing the proper animal model for oral submucous fibrosis research: considerations and challenges.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Enhanced disinfestation in grain spawn production through cold plasma and sodium hypochlorite synergy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
114 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), the active ingredient in household bleach, is an effective antimicrobial produced by the mammalian host defense to kill invading microorganisms. Despite the widespread use of HOCl, surprisingly little is known about its mode of action. In this study, we demonstrate that low molar ratios of HOCl to protein cause oxidative protein unfolding in vitro and target thermolabile proteins for irreversible aggregation in vivo. As a defense mechanism, bacteria use the redox-regulated chaperone Hsp33, which responds to bleach treatment with the reversible oxidative unfolding of its C-terminal redox switch domain. HOCl-mediated unfolding turns inactive Hsp33 into a highly active chaperone holdase, which protects essential Escherichia coli proteins against HOCl-induced aggregation and increases bacterial HOCl resistance. Our results substantially improve our molecular understanding about HOCl's functional mechanism. They suggest that the antimicrobial effects of bleach are largely based on HOCl's ability to cause aggregation of essential bacterial proteins.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.