Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19012874›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2008

Alterations in CDH15 and KIRREL3 in patients with mild to severe intellectual disability.

Kavita Bhalla, Yue Luo, Tim Buchan, Michael A Beachem, Gregory F Guzauskas, Sydney Ladd, Shelly J Bratcher, Richard J Schroer, Janne Balsamo, Barbara R DuPont and 2 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of human genetics, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
61citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

61 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 149 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. A Novel Mutation of CADHERIN (Clinical case reports · 2025
    Article
  6. Inhibitory Neurons Marked by the Connectivity Molecule Kirrel3 Regulate Memory Precision.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
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1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kavita BhallaJ.C. Self Research Institute of Human Genetics, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA.
Yue Luo
Tim Buchan
Michael A Beachem
Gregory F Guzauskas
Sydney Ladd
Shelly J Bratcher
Richard J Schroer
Janne Balsamo
Barbara R DuPont
Jack Lilien
Anand K Srivastava
Greenwood Genetic Center · USUniversity of Iowa · USClemson University · US

Funding

CLONING GENES THAT CAUSE MENTAL RETARDATIONR01HD039331 · NICHD · GREENWOOD GENETIC CENTER · PI SRIVASTAVA, ANAND K · 2000 to 2014
$4.3M
Coordinating Adhesion Receptors in Axon GrowthR01EY013363 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI LILIEN, JACK E · 2002 to 2006
$1.8M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY013363NEI NIH HHS R01-EY013363NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD039331NICHD NIH HHS R01-HD39331
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cell-adhesion molecules play critical roles in brain development, as well as maintaining synaptic structure, function, and plasticity. Here we have found the disruption of two genes encoding putative cell-adhesion molecules, CDH15 (cadherin superfamily) and KIRREL3 (immunoglobulin superfamily), by a chromosomal translocation t(11;16) in a female patient with intellectual disability (ID). We screened coding regions of these two genes in a cohort of patients with ID and controls and identified four nonsynonymous CDH15 variants and three nonsynonymous KIRREL3 variants that appear rare and unique to ID. These variations altered highly conserved residues and were absent in more than 600 unrelated patients with ID and 800 control individuals. Furthermore, in vivo expression studies showed that three of the CDH15 variations adversely altered its ability to mediate cell-cell adhesion. We also show that in neuronal cells, human KIRREL3 colocalizes and interacts with the synaptic scaffolding protein, CASK, recently implicated in X-linked brain malformation and ID. Taken together, our data suggest that alterations in CDH15 and KIRREL3, either alone or in combination with other factors, could play a role in phenotypic expression of ID in some patients.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationCadherinsCarrier ProteinsCase-Control StudiesCell AdhesionCell Adhesion Molecules, NeuronalChromosomes, Human, Pair 11Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16Cohort StudiesFemaleHumansIntellectual DisabilityMembrane ProteinsMiddle AgedModels, BiologicalProtein Structure, TertiaryCadherinsCarrier ProteinsCell Adhesion Molecules, NeuronalKIRREL3 protein, humanM-cadherinMembrane Proteins

Identifiers

PMID19012874
PMCPMC2668064
OpenAlexW2016509939

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.