ReviewPharmacology & therapeutics2009
Behavioral analyses of GHB: receptor mechanisms.
Review in Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- Baclofen for alcohol withdrawal.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Baclofen for alcohol withdrawal.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Increases Resting-State Limbic Perfusion and Body and Emotion Awareness in Humans.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Effects of amisulpride on human resting cerebral perfusion.Psychopharmacology · 2013Trial
- "Chemical Seduction": a narrative review of the complex impact of recreational drugs on sexual function.International journal of impotence research · 2026Review
- Article
- An Overview of the Putative Structural and Functional Properties of the GHBh1 Receptor through a Bioinformatics Approach.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Easy and convenient millimole-scale synthesis of new, potential biomarkers for gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) intake: Feasible for analytical laboratories.Drug testing and analysis · 2022Article
- Learning and memory impairment induced by 1,4-butanediol is regulated by ERK1/2-CREB-BDNF signaling pathways in PC12 cells.Metabolic brain disease · 2022Article
- Treatment of γ-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) Overdose with the GABAThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2022Article
- A Retrospective Metabolomics Analysis of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate in Humans: New Potential Markers and Changes in Metabolism Related to GHB Consumption.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Identification of Gamma-Butyrolactone in JUUL Liquids.Journal of analytical toxicology · 2021Article
- Molecular mechanisms of metabotropic GABAScience advances · 2021Review
- The GABAMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Designer drugs: mechanism of action and adverse effects.Archives of toxicology · 2020Review
- The challenge of post-mortem GHB analysis: storage conditions and specimen types are both important.International journal of legal medicine · 2020Article
- Article
- Monitoring of altered amino acid metabolic pattern in rat urine following intraperitoneal injection with γ-hydroxybutyric acid.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2018Article
- Resolution of Sleepwalking Behavior after Initiation of Sodium Oxybate in a Patient with Narcolepsy Type 2.Cureus · 2018Article
- Abuse Liability of Baclofen.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
GHB is used therapeutically and recreationally, although the precise mechanism of action responsible for its different behavioral effects is not entirely clear. The purpose of this review is to summarize how behavioral procedures, especially drug discrimination procedures, have been used to study the mechanism of action of GHB. More specifically, we will review several different drug discrimination procedures and discuss how they have been used to qualitatively and quantitatively study different components of the complex mechanism of action of GHB. A growing number of studies have provided evidence that the behavioral effects of GHB are mediated predominantly by GABAB receptors. However, there is also evidence that the mechanisms mediating the effects of GHB and the prototypical GABAB receptor agonist baclofen are not identical, and that other mechanisms such as GHB receptors and subtypes of GABAA and GABAB receptors might contribute to the effects of GHB. These findings are consistent with the different behavioral profile, abuse liability, and therapeutic indications of GHB and baclofen. A better understanding of the similarities and differences between GHB and baclofen, as well as the pharmacological mechanisms of action underlying the recreational and therapeutic effects of GHB, could lead to more effective medications with fewer adverse effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.