ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2008
Progression of peripheral arterial disease predicts cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality.
Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 244 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiovascular Effectiveness and Safety of Antidiabetic Drugs in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Peripheral Artery Disease: Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- The Effect of Lower Limb Revascularization on Flow, Perfusion, and Systemic Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review.Angiology · 2021Pooled it
- The progression rate of peripheral arterial disease in patients with intermittent claudication: a systematic review.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Influenza vaccination reduces incidence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Assessing the Correlation Between Inter-Leg Ankle-Brachial Index Asymmetry and Peripheral Artery Disease Outcomes.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Association Between Intra-Leg Ankle-Brachial Index Asymmetry and Major Adverse Limb Events in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Benefits of Multi-Disciplinary Limb Preservation Teams.Clinics in podiatric medicine and surgery · 2026Review
- Impact of peripheral artery disease (PAD) on risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with type 2 diabetes.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and vascular damage among community residents in Yunnan, China.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Association between serum retinol-binding protein and lower limb atherosclerosis risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus.World journal of diabetes · 2025Article
- Establishing Minimal Clinically Important Difference for PROMIS Physical Function Improvement After Revascularization for Peripheral Artery Disease.Advances in patient-reported outcomes · 2025Article
- Association between physical activity and all-cause mortality in patients with depression: a prospective cohort study based on NHANES data.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- 2024 Guidelines of the Taiwan Society of Cardiology on the Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease --- Part I.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2024Article
- Peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease, and recurrent admissions for acute decompensated heart failure: The ARIC study.Atherosclerosis · 2024Article
- Endovascular Revascularization and Outcomes of Critical Limb-Threatening Ischemia in Trinidad and Tobago: The EVENT Pilot Study-Challenges in a Limited-Resource, Caribbean Setting.Cardiology and therapy · 2023Article
- Contrast-free ultrasound imaging for blood flow assessment of the lower limb in patients with peripheral arterial disease: a feasibility study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Antithrombotic Treatment Patterns of Patients with Symptomatic Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease in Germany: Evidence from Health Insurance Claims Data.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Effects of ankle-brachial index and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity on all-cause mortality in a community-based elderly population.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the association of progressive versus stable peripheral arterial disease (PAD) with the risk of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) events.
backgroundAn independent association between PAD, defined by low values of the ankle-brachial index (ABI), and future CVD risk has been demonstrated. However, the prognostic significance of declining versus stable ABI has not been studied.
methodsWe recruited 508 subjects (59 women, 449 men) from 2 hospital vascular laboratories in San Diego, California. ABI and CVD risk factors were measured at Visit 2 (1990 to 1994). ABI values from each subject's earliest vascular laboratory examination (Visit 1) were abstracted from medical records. Mortality and morbidity were tracked for 6 years after Visit 2 using vital statistics and hospitalization data.
resultsIn multivariate models adjusted for CVD risk factors, very low (<0.70) and, in some cases, low (0.70 < or = ABI <0.90) Visit 2 ABIs were associated with significantly elevated all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, and combined CVD morbidity/mortality at 3 and 6 years. Decreases in ABI of more than 0.15 between Visit 1 and Visit 2 were significantly associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (risk ratio [RR]: 2.4) and CVD mortality (RR: 2.8) at 3 years, and CVD morbidity/mortality (RR: 1.9) at 6 years, independent of Visit 2 ABI and other risk factors.
conclusionsProgressive PAD (ABI decline >0.15) was significantly and independently associated with increased CVD risk. Patients with decreasing ABI may be candidates for more intensive cardiovascular risk factor management.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.