ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2009
Cryptosporidium genotype and subtype distribution in raw wastewater in Shanghai, China: evidence for possible unique Cryptosporidium hominis transmission.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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55 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Seasonal Prevalence and Molecular Characterization ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Genetic crosses reveal genomic loci responsible for virulence in Cryptosporidium parvum infection.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Emergence ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Prevalence and distribution of Cryptosporidium spp. in cattle in central and western Inner Mongolia, China.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Identifying zoonotic risks: molecular insights into Cryptosporidium and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pediatric cancer patients in Ahvaz, 2024.Parasitology research · 2025Article
- Wastewater-based intestinal protozoa monitoring in Shanghai, China.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
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- Source tracking of fecal contamination in Asian green mussels (Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2024Article
- Cryptosporidium parvum gp60 subtypes in diarrheic lambs and goat kids from Israel.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Molecular identification and genetic characteristics of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients in Shanghai, China.Parasites & vectors · 2023Article
- Detection ofMicroorganisms · 2022Review
- Decline inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Wastewater-based epidemiology-surveillance and early detection of waterborne pathogens with a focus on SARS-CoV-2, Cryptosporidium and Giardia.Parasitology research · 2021Review
- Absence ofParasitology · 2021Article
- Molecular characterization of the waterborne pathogens Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Cyclospora cayetanensis and Eimeria spp. in wastewater and sewage in Guangzhou, China.Parasites & vectors · 2021Article
- Article
- Diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in wild rodents from the Canary Islands, Spain.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
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Abstract
To identify the genotype and subtype distributions of Cryptosporidium oocysts in domestic wastewater in Shanghai, China, and to facilitate the characterization of the endemic transmission of cryptosporidiosis, raw domestic wastewater samples were collected from four wastewater treatment plants in Shanghai, China, from December 2006 to April 2007. Genotypes of Cryptosporidium species were detected based on PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses of the small-subunit rRNA gene. Samples that contained Cryptosporidium hominis were further subtyped by DNA sequencing of the 60-kDa glycoprotein gene. Among a total of 90 samples analyzed, 63 were PCR positive, 10 of which had mixed genotypes. Fifty-nine (93.7%) of the PCR-positive samples had C. hominis, and 7 (11.1%) had C. meleagridis. The other seven Cryptosporidium species/genotypes identified included C. baileyi, C. parvum, C. suis, C. muris, rat genotype, avian genotype III, and a novel genotype. Forty-seven of the 59 C. hominis-positive samples were successfully subtyped, with 29 having subtype family Ib and the remaining belonging to subtype families Ia, Id, Ie, and If. The three Ib subtypes identified, IbA19G2, IbA20G2, and IbA21G2, were very different from the two common Ib subtypes (IbA9G3 and IbA10G2) found in other areas of the world. Likewise, the Ie subtype IeA12G3T3 was also different from the common IeA11G3T3 subtype. Thus, the presence of multiple subtype families and unique Ib, Ie, and If subtypes indicates that there might be endemic transmission of cryptosporidiosis in the study area and that C. hominis populations there might be very different from those in other areas.
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