ReviewNature reviews. Genetics2008
Sex-specific genetic architecture of human disease.
Review in Nature reviews. Genetics, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 433 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
433 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 792 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accounting for heterogeneity due to environmental sources in meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies.Communications biology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Offspring physiology following the use of IVM, IVF and ICSI: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal studies.Human reproduction update · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review of analytical methods used in genetic association analysis of the X-chromosome.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic review reveals multiple sexually antagonistic polymorphisms affecting human disease and complex traits.Evolution; international journal of organic evolution · 2021Pooled it
- Gut Microbiota in Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review.Psychosomatic medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Sex-specific DNA methylation differences in Alzheimer's disease pathology.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2021Pooled it
- Sex-Specific Genetic Associations for Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.Gastroenterology · 2020Pooled it
- A meta-analytic evaluation of sex differences in meningococcal disease incidence rates in 10 countries.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Pooled it
- Type 2 diabetes is more predictable in women than men by multiple anthropometric and biochemical measures.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Sex modulates the long-term effects of delivery mode on microbiota-gut barrier crosstalk and colitis susceptibility in mice.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- LPS stimulation reveals male and female dimorphism in human iPSC-derived macrophages.iScience · 2026Article
- Polystyrene nanoplastics disrupt mouse placenta development in a sex-dependent manner.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Sex inequality in disease burden attributable to smoking, secondhand smoke and chewing tobacco: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Disease burden of inflammatory bowel disease and subtypes in older adults in 172 high- and middle-income countries: Trends from 2000 to 2023 and projections to 2040.Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association · 2026Article
- Fairness-aware supervised hierarchical contrastive semantic learning for sexual dimorphism analysis.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Sex differences inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Molecular heterogeneity in human stroke - What can we learn from the peripheral blood transcriptome?Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Article
- Gender disparities in the global burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: persistence and evolution of male predominance.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
373 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism in anatomical, physiological and behavioural traits are characteristics of many vertebrate species. In humans, sexual dimorphism is also observed in the prevalence, course and severity of many common diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases and asthma. Although sex differences in the endocrine and immune systems probably contribute to these observations, recent studies suggest that sex-specific genetic architecture also influences human phenotypes, including reproductive, physiological and disease traits. It is likely that an underlying mechanism is differential gene regulation in males and females, particularly in sex steroid-responsive genes. Genetic studies that ignore sex-specific effects in their design and interpretation could fail to identify a significant proportion of the genes that contribute to risk for complex diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.