Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18997767›Full record

ReviewNature biotechnology2008

Transdermal drug delivery.

Mark R Prausnitz, Robert Langer

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature biotechnology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04334772 (Effectiveness of Percutaneous Microelectrolysis and Stretching Exercises on Agility, Strength, and Knee Joint Range in Hamstring Tightness in Athletes), which is not on this map. Cited by 932 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
932citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
49.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04334772 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Effectiveness of Percutaneous Microelectrolysis and Stretching Exercises on Agility, Strength, and Knee Joint Range in Hamstring Tightness in Athletes

TypeinterventionalSponsorQuiropraxia y EquilibrioRan2020 to 2021Enrolled30ConditionsHamstring ContracturesArmsMuscle belly Microelectrolysis, Tendon Microelectrolysis, Stretching exercises
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

932 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3,318 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Bio-active designed peptide for hair keratin strengthening.International journal of cosmetic science · 2026
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872 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mark R PrausnitzSchool of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0100, USA. prausnitz@gatech.edu
Robert Langer
Georgia Institute of Technology · USMassachusetts Institute of Technology · US

Funding

Microneedle-based immunization against pandemic influenzaR01EB006369 · NIBIB · GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI PRAUSNITZ, MARK R. · 2007 to 2011
$3.6M
NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB006369
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transdermal drug delivery has made an important contribution to medical practice, but has yet to fully achieve its potential as an alternative to oral delivery and hypodermic injections. First-generation transdermal delivery systems have continued their steady increase in clinical use for delivery of small, lipophilic, low-dose drugs. Second-generation delivery systems using chemical enhancers, noncavitational ultrasound and iontophoresis have also resulted in clinical products; the ability of iontophoresis to control delivery rates in real time provides added functionality. Third-generation delivery systems target their effects to skin's barrier layer of stratum corneum using microneedles, thermal ablation, microdermabrasion, electroporation and cavitational ultrasound. Microneedles and thermal ablation are currently progressing through clinical trials for delivery of macromolecules and vaccines, such as insulin, parathyroid hormone and influenza vaccine. Using these novel second- and third-generation enhancement strategies, transdermal delivery is poised to significantly increase its impact on medicine.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsAdministration, CutaneousHumansPharmaceutical PreparationsSkinPharmaceutical Preparations

Identifiers

PMID18997767
PMCPMC2700785
OpenAlexW2080430067

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.