ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2008
Active role of fatty acid amino acid conjugates in nitrogen metabolism in Spodoptera litura larvae.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulatory mechanisms of nitrogen homeostasis in insect growth and development.Insect science · 2026Review
- Dietary Lipids and Their Metabolism in the Midgut.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Knock-Out of ACY-1 Like Gene in Spodoptera litura Supports the Notion that FACs Improve Nitrogen Metabolism.Journal of chemical ecology · 2024Article
- A salivary GMC oxidoreductase of Manduca sexta re-arranges the green leaf volatile profile of its host plant.Nature communications · 2023Article
- The secret life of insect-associated microbes and how they shape insect-plant interactions.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2022Review
- The dual function of elicitors and effectors from insects: reviewing the 'arms race' against plant defenses.Plant molecular biology · 2022Review
- Molecular and Biochemical Mechanisms of Elicitors in Pest Resistance.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Molecular tug-of-war: Plant immune recognition of herbivory.The Plant cell · 2022Review
- Dynamic regulation of phenylpropanoid pathway metabolites in modulating sorghum defense against fall armyworm.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
- Cascading Effects of Root Microbial Symbiosis on the Development and Metabolome of the Insect HerbivoreMetabolites · 2021Article
- Survey of Sensitivity to Fatty Acid-Amino Acid Conjugates in the Solanaceae.Journal of chemical ecology · 2020Article
- Identification of Chaoborus kairomone chemicals that induce defences in Daphnia.Nature chemical biology · 2018Article
- Plant Perception and Short-Term Responses to Phytophagous Insects and Mites.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Expressional divergence of the fatty acid-amino acid conjugate-hydrolyzing aminoacylase 1 (L-ACY-1) in Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa assulta.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Inducible De Novo Biosynthesis of Isoflavonoids in Soybean Leaves by Spodoptera litura Derived Elicitors: Tracer Techniques Aided by High Resolution LCMS.Journal of chemical ecology · 2016Article
- Modulation of plant defense responses to herbivores by simultaneous recognition of different herbivore-associated elicitors in rice.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- N-(18-hydroxylinolenoyl)-L-glutamine: a newly discovered analog of volicitin in Manduca sexta and its elicitor activity in plants.Journal of chemical ecology · 2014Article
- Plant volatile eliciting FACs in lepidopteran caterpillars, fruit flies, and crickets: a convergent evolution or phylogenetic inheritance?Frontiers in physiology · 2014Article
- Nicotiana attenuata MPK4 suppresses a novel jasmonic acid (JA) signaling-independent defense pathway against the specialist insect Manduca sexta, but is not required for the resistance to the generalist Spodoptera littoralis.The New phytologist · 2013Article
- The HERBIVORE ELICITOR-REGULATED1 gene enhances abscisic acid levels and defenses against herbivores in Nicotiana attenuata plants.Plant physiology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the first fatty acid amino acid conjugate (FAC) was isolated from regurgitant of Spodoptera exigua larvae in 1997 [volicitin: N-(17-hydroxylinolenoyl)-L-glutamine], their role as elicitors of induced responses in plants has been well documented. However, studies of the biosyntheses and the physiological role of FACs in the insect have been minimal. By using (14)C-labeled glutamine, glutamic acid, and linolenic acid in feeding studies of Spodoptera litura larvae, combined with tissue analyses, we found glutamine in the midgut cells to be a major source for biosynthesis of FACs. Furthermore, 20% of the glutamine moiety of FACs was derived from glutamic acid and ammonia through enzymatic reaction of glutamine synthetase (GS). To determine whether FACs improve GS productivity, we studied nitrogen assimilation efficiency of S. litura larvae fed on artificial diets containing (15)NH(4)Cl and glutamic acid. When the diet was enriched with linolenic acid, the nitrogen assimilation efficiency improved from 40% to >60%. In the lumen, the biosynthesized FACs are hydrolyzed to fatty acids and glutamine, which are reabsorbed into tissues and hemolymph. These results strongly suggested that FACs play an active role in nitrogen assimilation in Lepidoptera larva and that glutamine containing FACs in the gut lumen may function as a form of storage of glutamine, a key compound of nitrogen metabolism.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.