ArticleVaccine2009
Safety and immunogenicity of a CTL multiepitope peptide vaccine for HIV with or without GM-CSF in a phase I trial.
Article in Vaccine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Therapeutic Landscape of HPV-Associated Cancers: From Mechanisms and Conventional Approaches to Future Innovations.Cancers · 2026Review
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- The Function of the PRRSV-Host Interactions and Their Effects on Viral Replication and Propagation in Antiviral Strategies.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Protective CD8Virology journal · 2020Article
- Expression and serological application of recombinant epitope-repeat protein carrying an immunodominant epitope of Newcastle disease virus nucleoprotein.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2019Article
- Illumination of PRRSV Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes by the Three-Dimensional Structure and Peptidome of Swine Lymphocyte Antigen Class I (SLA-I).Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Article
- Revisiting GM-CSF as an adjuvant for therapeutic vaccines.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2018Article
- Enrichment of Ly6CHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2017Article
- Overcoming HBV immune tolerance to eliminate HBsAg-positive hepatocytes via pre-administration of GM-CSF as a novel adjuvant for a hepatitis B vaccine in HBV transgenic mice.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2016Article
- Chimeric rabies virus-like particles containing membrane-anchored GM-CSF enhances the immune response against rabies virus.Viruses · 2015Article
- An HIV-1 Mini Vaccine Induced Long-lived Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses.International journal of molecular and cellular medicine · 2015Article
- In silico design of a DNA-based HIV-1 multi-epitope vaccine for Chinese populations.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Article
- Cellular immunity survey against urinary tract infection using pVAX/fimH cassette with mammalian and wild type codon usage as a DNA vaccine.Clinical and experimental vaccine research · 2014Article
- The External Quality Assurance Oversight Laboratory (EQAPOL) proficiency program for IFN-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (IFN-γ ELISpot) assay.Journal of immunological methods · 2014Article
- Autoantibodies induced by chimeric cytokine-HIV envelope glycoprotein immunogens.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Synthetic immunotherapy induces HIV virus specific Th1 cytotoxic response and death of an HIV-1 infected human cell line through classic complement activation.Virology journal · 2013Article
- Role of T-cell epitope-based vaccine in prophylactic and therapeutic applications.Future virology · 2012Article
- Attenuated Salmonella enteritidis E23 as a vehicle for the rectal delivery of DNA vaccine coding for HIV-1 polyepitope CTL immunogen.Microbial biotechnology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There is an urgent need for a vaccine capable of preventing HIV infection or the development of HIV-related disease. A number of approaches designed to stimulate HIV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cell responses together with helper responses are presently under evaluation. In this phase 1, multi-center, placebo-controlled trial, we tested the ability of a novel multiepitope peptide vaccine to elicit HIV-specific immunity. To enhance the immunogenicity of the peptide vaccine, half of the vaccine recipients received recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) protein as a coadjuvant. The vaccine was safe; tolerability was moderate, with a number of adverse events related to local injection site reactogenicity. Anti-GM-CSF antibody responses developed in the majority of GM-CSF recipients but were not associated with adverse hematologic events. The vaccine was only minimally immunogenic. Six of 80 volunteers who received vaccine developed HIV-specific responses as measured by interferon-gamma ELISPOT assay, and measurable responses were transient. This study failed to demonstrate that GM-CSF can substantially improve the overall weak immunogenicity of a multiepitope peptide-based HIV vaccine.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.