ReviewAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences2008
ADHD and smoking: from genes to brain to behavior.
Review in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Self-medication of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms with psychoactive substances in adults: a scoping review of how symptom-relief motives are framed and operationalised across substances.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Stimulant treatment of ADHD and cigarette smoking: a meta-analysis.Pediatrics · 2014Pooled it
- Modeling complex genetic and environmental influences on comorbid bipolar disorder with tobacco use disorder.BMC medical genetics · 2010Pooled it
- Exploring longitudinal course and treatment-baseline severity interactions in secondary outcomes of smoking cessation treatment in individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2018Trial
- Effects of nicotine deprivation and replacement on BOLD-fMRI response to smoking cues as a function of DRD4 VNTR genotype.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2014Trial
- Risk of methylphenidate-induced prehypertension in normotensive adult smokers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2013Trial
- Smoking withdrawal symptoms are more severe among smokers with ADHD and independent of ADHD symptom change: results from a 12-day contingency-managed abstinence trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2011Trial
- Why do young women smoke? VI. A controlled study of nicotine effects on attention: pharmacogenetic interactions.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2011Trial
- Anxiety Sensitivity Physical and Cognitive Concerns in Relation to Smoking-oriented Cognition: An Examination Among Treatment-seeking Adults Who Smoke.Journal of addiction medicineTrial
- Pre-adult attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder and later adverse health outcomes: the 1987 Finnish birth cohort study.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Advances in research on pharmacological mechanisms of anatabine: from nicotinic modulation to multitarget therapeutic potential.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Reciprocal relations between ADHD and risky behavior in adolescence: a between and within-person longitudinal analysis.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Article
- Association between ADHD symptoms, physical effort discounting, and unhealthy lifestyles in adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pavlovian conditioning with the internal stimulus effects of intravenous nicotine heightens later nicotine taking with variation by dose and sex.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- A Narrative Review of Outcomes, Comorbidities, and Alternative Behavioral Interventions in Adolescent and Adult Women with ADHD.International journal of women's health · 2025Review
- The relationship between life's essential 8 score and depression symptom severity: evidence from a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Development and In vivo Evaluation of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride ODMTs in a Nicotine-induced Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Model in Rats.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Article
- Deep sequencing of candidate genes identified 14 variants associated with smoking abstinence in an ethnically diverse sample.Scientific reports · 2024Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and tobacco smoking are among the most common and costly psychiatric and behavioral problems. The rates of co-occurrence of these two common problems are larger than expected by chance. Despite progress in identifying the neural and genetic substrates of each, the mechanisms underlying the high rates of comorbidity between ADHD and smoking remain largely unknown. We propose that ADHD and smoking involve dysregulation of dopaminergic and nicotinic-acetylcholinergic circuits and that these aberrations are likely to arise, at least in part, from genetic variations. This review describes an integrative model of the ADHD-smoking comorbidity, with an emphasis on shared neuropharmacological mechanisms. We first describe the prevalence of smoking among ADHD patients. We then describe how ADHD influences stages of smoking behavior (e.g., initiation, maintenance, and relapse). We review common potential genetic substrates of ADHD and smoking, focusing on genes that regulate monoaminergic neurotransmission. We review the behavioral and neuropharmacological bases of smoking and ADHD, focusing on the modulatory roles of nicotine on attention and behavioral control. Finally, we discuss the implications of this model for prevention and clinical outcomes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.