ArticleBMC immunology2008
Gut microbiota and lipopolysaccharide content of the diet influence development of regulatory T cells: studies in germ-free mice.
Article in BMC immunology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers.
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Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 203 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lactobacillus casei abundance is associated with profound shifts in the infant gut microbiome.PloS one · 2010Trial
- The gut microbiome and allograft outcomes: implications for heart transplantation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Peri-weaning, diet-induced activation of an IFNγ-mediated regulatory circuit promotes cDC1 maturation and CD8Nature communications · 2026Article
- Czechoslovak/Prague School of Immunology.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Gnotobiology: from 19th-century global foundations to 21st-century omics - six decades of Czech contribution to microbiome research.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Gnotobiotic mouse models as tools for dissecting the role of the microbiota in allergy: contributions from the laboratory of gnotobiology in Nový Hrádek.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
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- Anti-inflammatory effect ofJournal of animal science and technology · 2026Article
- Plant-Derived Extracellular-Vesicle-Like Particles: Immune Regulation and Disease Therapy.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Microbiota modulate immune cell populations and drive dynamic structural changes in gut-associated lymphoid tissue.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Long Term Culture of Germ-Free Zebrafish Using Gamma-Irradiated Feeds.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Biometric Strategies to Improve Vaccine Immunogenicity and Effectiveness.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The mediating effect of circulating inflammatory proteins on the relationship between gut microbiota and FD: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Gut microbial metabolism in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2024Review
- Interplay between Microbiota and γδ T Cells: Insights into Immune Homeostasis and Neuro-Immune Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Germ-Free C57BL/6 Mice Have Increased Bone Mass and Altered Matrix Properties but Not Decreased Bone Fracture Resistance.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2023Article
- Article
- Inulin diet uncovers complex diet-microbiota-immune cell interactions remodeling the gut epithelium.Microbiome · 2023Article
- Physical Exercise and Diet: Regulation of Gut Microbiota to Prevent and Treat Metabolic Disorders to Maintain Health.Nutrients · 2023Review
- The importance of the timing of microbial signals for perinatal immune system development.Microbiome research reports · 2023Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMammals are essentially born germ-free but the epithelial surfaces are promptly colonized by astounding numbers of bacteria soon after birth. The most extensive microbial community is harbored by the distal intestine. The gut microbiota outnumber ~10 times the total number of our somatic and germ cells. The host-microbiota relationship has evolved to become mutually beneficial. Studies in germ-free mice have shown that gut microbiota play a crucial role in the development of the immune system. The principal aim of the present study was to elucidate whether the presence of gut microbiota and the quality of a sterile diet containing various amounts of bacterial contaminants, measured by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content, can influence maturation of the immune system in gnotobiotic mice.
resultsWe have found that the presence of gut microbiota and to a lesser extent also the LPS-rich sterile diet drive the expansion of B and T cells in Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes. The most prominent was the expansion of CD4+ T cells including Foxp3-expressing T cells in mesenteric lymph nodes. Further, we have observed that both the presence of gut microbiota and the LPS-rich sterile diet influence in vitro cytokine profile of spleen cells. Both gut microbiota and LPS-rich diet increase the production of interleukin-12 and decrease the production of interleukin-4. In addition, the presence of gut microbiota increases the production of interleukin-10 and interferon-gamma.
conclusionOur data clearly show that not only live gut microbiota but also microbial components (LPS) contained in sterile diet stimulate the development, expansion and function of the immune system. Finally, we would like to emphasize that the composition of diet should be regularly tested especially in all gnotobiotic models as the LPS content and other microbial components present in the diet may significantly alter the outcome of experiments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.