ArticleNature medicine2008
Virus-specific T cells engineered to coexpress tumor-specific receptors: persistence and antitumor activity in individuals with neuroblastoma.
Article in Nature medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 718 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
718 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1,180 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the clinical landscape of multifunctional CAR T cells: Targets, trends, and synergies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Targeting refractory/recurrent neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma with anti-CD3×anti-GD2 bispecific antibody armed T cells.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells for the treatment of refractory and/or recurrent neuroblastoma in pediatric patients.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2022Trial
- Targeted AAV gene therapy for neuroblastoma via direct capsid-antibody coupling.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- CAR T Cells Targeting O-Glycosylated Fibronectin Exhibit Potent Cytolytic Activity and Combine with Tumoral Toll-Like Receptor Agonism to Overcome Tumor Resistance.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- A guide to CAR T cell therapies: development, current status and future prospects.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Enhancing CAR-T Cell Efficacy in Solid Tumors by Inhibiting CCL5/VEGF-Mediated Angiogenesis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Antigen-presenting nanoparticles for in vivo CAR T cell engineering.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2026Article
- CAR T cells for pediatric CNS tumors: Clinical experience and reverse translational opportunities.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Review
- Targeting GD2 with CAR-T Cell Therapy in Neuroblastoma: Updates, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Strategies to eliminate native T cell receptors for adoptive T cell therapies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Review
- Dual lipid modulation overcomes ferroptosis resistance in high-risk neuroblastoma.Cell death and differentiation · 2026Article
- The quintessential role for CAR T cell therapy in children, adolescents and young adults with cancer.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- IL-18 metabolically reprograms CAR-expressing natural killer T cells and enhances their antitumor activity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Tumor Microenvironment in Neuroblastoma and Immunotherapeutic Approaches: Towards More Effective Treatment.Cancers · 2026Review
- Targeted therapies in pediatric oncology: A start.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Review
- CAR-T cell therapy for pediatric solid tumors: armored CAR-T cells and beyond.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- The development of CAR T cells for patients with CNS malignancies.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- The safety and efficacy of GD2-targeted CAR-T cells in patients with neuroblastoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of medical research · 2026Review
- Reprogramming adoptive cell therapy for osteosarcoma: engineering, vaccination, and tumor microenvironment remodeling.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
658 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) directed to nonviral tumor-associated antigens do not survive long term and have limited antitumor activity in vivo, in part because such tumor cells typically lack the appropriate costimulatory molecules. We therefore engineered Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific CTLs to express a chimeric antigen receptor directed to the diasialoganglioside GD2, a nonviral tumor-associated antigen expressed by human neuroblastoma cells. We reasoned that these genetically engineered lymphocytes would receive optimal costimulation after engagement of their native receptors, enhancing survival and antitumor activity mediated through their chimeric receptors. Here we show in individuals with neuroblastoma that EBV-specific CTLs expressing a chimeric GD2-specific receptor indeed survive longer than T cells activated by the CD3-specific antibody OKT3 and expressing the same chimeric receptor but lacking virus specificity. Infusion of these genetically modified cells seemed safe and was associated with tumor regression or necrosis in half of the subjects tested. Hence, virus-specific CTLs can be modified to function as tumor-directed effector cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.