ReviewHuman reproduction update
Contraception and HIV infection in women.
Review in Human reproduction update. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Depot Medoxyprogesterone Acetate on Immune Functions and Inflammatory Markers of HIV-Infected Women.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Trial
- Incidence of HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa, 2000-2015: The Interplay Between Social Determinants and Behavioral Risk Factors.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Drug-Drug Interactions, Effectiveness, and Safety of Hormonal Contraceptives in Women Living with HIV.Drug safety · 2016Review
- Article
- Transgender women, hormonal therapy and HIV treatment: a comprehensive review of the literature and recommendations for best practices.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2016Review
- Contraceptive use and unmet need for family planning among HIV positive women on antiretroviral therapy in Kumasi, Ghana.BMC women's health · 2014Article
- Translation of biomedical prevention strategies for HIV: prospects and pitfalls.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2013Review
- Contraceptive Use and Missed Opportunities for Family Planning Discussions in Women Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus at an HIV Clinic.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMore than 15 million women, many of reproductive age, were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at the end of 2007. As the HIV epidemic evolves, heterosexual intercourse is increasingly risky: the risk of infection in exposed young women is 4- to 7-fold higher than in young men and nearly half a million newborns annually have HIV. This review aims to show the effect of contraceptive choices on risk of HIV and on the course of disease in women with HIV.
methodsRelevant citations were selected by agreement between the authors after a search of MEDLINE using the terms HIV/AIDS and contraception.
resultsRisk of transmission of HIV varies from 1 in 200 to 1 in 10 000 coital incidents, depending in part on the integrity of the vaginal epithelium. Consistent use of male condoms has been proven to reduce horizontal transmission of HIV by 80% among HIV-serodiscordant couples. Hormonal contraception may increase the risk of HIV acquisition in high-risk women such as commercial sex workers, but not in women at low risk of HIV. While hormonal contraception did not affect progression of disease in two cohort studies involving 370 women, in a randomized trial among women not receiving antiretroviral medication, clinical disease accelerated in the oral contraception group (13.2/100 woman-years) compared with the copper intrauterine devices group (8.6/100 woman-years; hazard ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-2.1). Hormonal contraception does not interfere with antiviral drug effectiveness.
conclusionsAll the available reversible contraceptive methods can generally be used by women at risk of HIV infection and by HIV-infected women. Further studies are needed to investigate the safety and efficiency of hormonal contraception in women living with HIV/AIDS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.