ArticleCancer research2008
Targeting melanoma growth and metastasis with systemic delivery of liposome-incorporated protease-activated receptor-1 small interfering RNA.
Article in Cancer research, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 165 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic Resistance in Melanoma: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Pharmaceutical Strategies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology in Cutaneous Oncology: The Role of Liposomes in Targeted Melanoma Therapy.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Recent advances in gene delivery for melanocyte-associated disorders.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- Translational Advances in Lipid Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy: Current Status and Future Horizons.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Landscape of small nucleic acid therapeutics: moving from the bench to the clinic as next-generation medicines.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Hepatotoxicity of Nanoparticle-Based Anti-Cancer Drugs: Insights into Toxicity and Mitigation Strategies.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Recombinant hirudin and PAR-1 regulate macrophage polarisation status in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.BMC biotechnology · 2024Article
- Review
- Extracellular matrix in skin diseases: The road to new therapies.Journal of advanced research · 2023Review
- Protease-activated receptors in health and disease.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
- Emerging concepts in designing next-generation multifunctional nanomedicine for cancer treatment.Bioscience reports · 2022Review
- Review
- Protease-activated receptor 1 drives and maintains ductal cell fates in the premalignant pancreas and ductal adenocarcinoma.Molecular oncology · 2021Article
- A KLK4 proteinase substrate capture approach to antagonize PAR1.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Inflammatory cell-associated tumors. Not only macrophages (TAMs), fibroblasts (TAFs) and neutrophils (TANs) can infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. The unique role of tumor associated platelets (TAPs).Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Review
- Coagulation Signaling through PAR1 as a Therapeutic Target in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Use of Nanoparticles in Delivery of Nucleic Acids for Melanoma Treatment.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2021Article
- Nanoparticulate RNA delivery systems in cancer.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2020Review
- Article
- Protease-activated receptor-1 impedes prostate and intestinal tumor progression in mice.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2018Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The thrombin receptor [protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1)] is overexpressed in highly metastatic melanoma cell lines and in patients with metastatic lesions. Activation of PAR-1 leads to cell signaling and up-regulation of genes involved in adhesion, invasion, and angiogenesis. Herein, we stably silence PAR-1 through the use of lentiviral short hairpin RNA and found significant decreases in both tumor growth (P < 0.01) and metastasis (P < 0.001) of highly metastatic melanoma cell lines in vivo. The use of viruses for therapy is not ideal as it can induce toxic immune responses and possible gene alterations following viral integration. Therefore, we also used systemic delivery of PAR-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) incorporated into neutral liposomes [1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC)] to decrease melanoma growth and metastasis in vivo. Significant decreases in tumor growth, weight, and metastatic lung colonies (P < 0.001 for all) were found in mice treated with PAR-1 siRNA-DOPC. The in vivo effects of PAR-1 on invasion and angiogenesis were analyzed via immunohistochemistry. Concomitant decreases in vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-8, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression levels, as well as decreased blood vessel density (CD31), were found in tumor samples from PAR-1 siRNA-treated mice, suggesting that PAR-1 is a regulator of melanoma cell growth and metastasis by affecting angiogenic and invasive factors. We propose that siRNA incorporated into DOPC nanoparticles could be delivered systemically and used as a new modality for melanoma treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.