ReviewNeuropsychology review2008
The 'fractionable autism triad': a review of evidence from behavioural, genetic, cognitive and neural research.
Review in Neuropsychology review, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 192 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Longitudinal Study on the Safety and Efficacy for Subjects With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Who Received Magnetic EEG/ECG-Guided Resonance Therapy (MeRT)
A Chart Review to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Magnetic EEG/ECG-Guided Resonance Therapy (MeRT) on Subjects With Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Who cites it
192 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder traits and diagnosis in adults and young people with personality disorders: A systematic review.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Early environmental risk factors for neurodevelopmental disorders - a systematic review of twin and sibling studies.Development and psychopathology · 2021Pooled it
- Empathy Impairment in Individuals With Autism Spectrum Conditions From a Multidimensional Perspective: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Pooled it
- Parents Suggest Which Indicators of Progress and Outcomes Should be Measured in Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2018Pooled it
- Parent-Mediated Intervention Training Delivered Remotely for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Living Outside of Urban Areas: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2017Pooled it
- Visuo-spatial performance in autism: a meta-analysis.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2014Pooled it
- Association of cumulative early medical events and neurodevelopmental conditions through a common latent factor-A population-based twin study.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Challenging the Developmental Substructure Model for Autism: A Perspective From Causal Statistics.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- First Impressions Count: A Systematic Literature Review Exploring Parents of Autistic Children's First Encounters With Healthcare Professionals.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Associations of Autistic Traits and Autism with Incontinence and Constipation in a UK Birth Cohort.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic analysis in autism spectrum disorder suggests three molecular subtypes with distinct phenotypic profiles and functional pathways.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Shared genetic architecture between autism spectrum disorder, loneliness, and social isolation reveals novel genetic loci.Psychiatric genetics · 2026Article
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Phenotypic Correlates of the Autism Polygenic Score.JAACAP open · 2025Article
- Processes Associated with the Development of Depression in Autistic Individuals: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Social perception and cognition in autism.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Caregiver Narratives of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Exploring Symptom Recognition, Diagnosis, and Interventions.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Zebrafish as a tool for autism research: unraveling the roles of Shank3, Cntnap2, Neuroligin3, and Arid1b in synaptic and behavioral abnormalities.Neurogenetics · 2025Review
- Should We Continue to Tell Autistic People that Their Brains are Different?Psychological reports · 2025Review
- The challenge and promise of disentangling neurodevelopmental conditions a commentary on Davis et al. (2024).Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Autistic behavior is a common outcome of biallelic disruption of PDZD8 in humans and mice.Molecular autism · 2025Article
132 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Autism is diagnosed on the basis of a triad of impairments in social interaction, communication, and flexible imaginative functions (with restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests; RRBIs). There has been a strong presumption that these different features of the syndrome are strongly intertwined and proceed from a common cause at the genetic, cognitive and neural levels. In this review we examine evidence for an alternative approach, considering the triad as largely 'fractionable'. We present evidence from our own twin studies, and review relevant literature on autism and autistic-like traits in other groups. We suggest that largely independent genes may operate on social skills/impairments, communication abilities, and RRBIs, requiring a change in molecular-genetic research approaches. At the cognitive level, we suggest that satisfactory accounts exist for each of the triad domains, but no single unitary account can explain both social and nonsocial features of autism. We discuss the implications of the fractionable-triad approach for both diagnosis and future research directions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
18956240What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.