ArticleNeuro-oncology2009
Induction of MGMT expression is associated with temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma xenografts.
Article in Neuro-oncology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 228 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
228 citing papers in PubMed, 385 citations in OpenAlex.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Iron Metabolism with T2* Mapping Predicts an Enhanced Clinical Response to Pharmacologic Ascorbate in Patients with GBM.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Trial
- MGMT promoter methylation as a molecular biomarker in neuro-oncology: current practices, challenges, and future directions.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- MARCKS as a mediator and target for pathological tunneling nanotubes between patient-derived glioblastoma cells and astrocytes.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Butyl and isobutyl ortho-coumaric acid derivatives reduce self-renewal and MGMT expression in GBM cells with stem cell-like characteristicsBiomolecules & biomedicine · 2026Article
- Modeling glioblastoma relapse in vitro: a critical journey from 2D models to organ-on-chip alternatives.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Hypoxia-induced BTN3A2 promotes glioma progression and chemoresistance via AKT/SP1/RAD51-mediated DNA damage.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- A Language Performance Model for Predicting Glioma Recurrence and Molecular Biomarkers: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Heterogenous Model of Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma Reveals Phenotypic Shifts in Drug Response and Migratory Potential.Advanced nanobiomed research · 2026Article
- From Classical to Emerging Biomarkers of Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors. An Evidence-Based Review with a Focus on Gliomas.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Cannabidiol as a Prophylactic Agent Against Glioblastoma Growth: A Preclinical Investigation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Pharmacological transglutaminase 2 inhibition enhances temozolomide response in patient-derived glioblastoma tumorspheres.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Convergent adaptive architectures linking chemoresistance and radioresistance in chemoradiotherapy: a systems-level perspective.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- A mechanobiology-driven cell-derived ECM bioink for engineering 3D glioblastoma tumor microenvironment models.Theranostics · 2026Article
- 20(S)-protopanaxadiol enhances temozolomide responsiveness in MGMT-expressing glioblastoma: Wnt/β-catenin attenuation and MGMT downregulation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Drug resistance in glioblastoma: Challenges, mechanisms and therapeutic strategies (Review).Molecular and clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Histone demethylase KDM4C confers temozolomide resistance to glioblastoma cells by epigenetically regulating E2F6.Archives of pharmacal research · 2025Article
- Feedforward miR-181d degradation modulates population variance of methyl-guanine methyl transferase and temozolomide resistance.Cell reports · 2025Article
- LMNA-PRKDC axis enhances DNA repair and promotes chemoresistance in glioblastoma.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Rethinking p16, p53, and HPV in HNCSCC through lessons from glioblastoma subclonal evolution toward patient-centric N-of-1 single-cell RNA sequencing paradigm.World journal of clinical cases · 2025Article
- Biodegradable nanofibrous scaffolds enhance standard of care for glioblastoma via localized targeted therapy.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
168 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Temozolomide (TMZ)-based therapy is the standard of care for patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and resistance to this drug in GBM is modulated by the DNA repair protein O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Expression of MGMT is silenced by promoter methylation in approximately half of GBM tumors, and clinical studies have shown that elevated MGMT protein levels or lack of MGMT promoter methylation is associated with TMZ resistance in some, but not all, GBM tumors. In this study, the relationship between MGMT protein expression and tumor response to TMZ was evaluated in four GBM xenograft lines that had been established from patient specimens and maintained by serial subcutaneous passaging in nude mice. Three MGMT unmethylated tumors displayed elevated basal MGMT protein expression, but only two of these were resistant to TMZ therapy (tumors GBM43 and GBM44), while the other (GBM14) displayed a level of TMZ sensitivity that was similar in extent to that seen in a single MGMT hypermethylated line (GBM12). In tissue culture and animal studies, TMZ treatment resulted in robust and prolonged induction of MGMT expression in the resistant GBM43 and GBM44 xenograft lines, while MGMT induction was blunted and abbreviated in GBM14. Consistent with a functional significance of MGMT induction, treatment of GBM43 with a protracted low-dose TMZ regimen was significantly less effective than a shorter high-dose regimen, while survival for GBM14 was improved with the protracted dosing regimen. In conclusion, MGMT expression is dynamically regulated in some MGMT nonmethylated tumors, and in these tumors, protracted dosing regimens may not be effective.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.