ArticleJournal of virology2009
Human immunodeficiency virus-specific gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunospot assay responses targeting specific regions of the proteome during primary subtype C infection are poor predictors of the course of viremia and set point.
Article in Journal of virology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predominant T-cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 restricted by multiple prevalent HLA-B and HLA-C allotypes in Northeast Asia.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Mechanism of Viral Suppression among HIV Elite Controllers and Long-Term Nonprogressors in Nigeria and South Africa.Viruses · 2022Review
- A longitudinal analysis of immune escapes from HLA-B*13-restricted T-cell responses at early stage of CRF01_AE subtype HIV-1 infection and implications for vaccine design.BMC immunology · 2022Article
- Elevated Numbers of HIV-Specific Poly-Functional CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- A Zigzag but Upward Way to Develop an HIV-1 Vaccine.Vaccines · 2020Review
- Pregnancy Gestation Impacts on HIV-1-Specific Granzyme B Response and Central Memory CD4 T Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Defining Kinetic Properties of HIV-Specific CD8⁺ T-Cell Responses in Acute Infection.Microorganisms · 2019Article
- Phenotype, Polyfunctionality, and Antiviral Activity ofFrontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Conserved HIV-1 Gag p24 Epitopes Elicit Cellular Immune Responses That Impact Disease Outcome.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2017Article
- Enhancement of viral escape in HIV-1 Nef by STEP vaccination.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Article
- Broad and persistent Gag-specific CD8+ T-cell responses are associated with viral control but rarely drive viral escape during primary HIV-1 infection.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Article
- Rapid disease progression in HIV-1 subtype C-infected South African women.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2014Article
- Review
- Development of a luciferase based viral inhibition assay to evaluate vaccine induced CD8 T-cell responses.Journal of immunological methods · 2014Article
- Differential impact of magnitude, polyfunctional capacity, and specificity of HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses on HIV set point.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- Measuring inhibition of HIV replication by ex vivo CD8⁺ T cells.Journal of immunological methods · 2014Article
- Targeting of conserved gag-epitopes in early HIV infection is associated with lower plasma viral load and slower CD4(+) T cell depletion.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2013Article
- Rapid, complex adaptation of transmitted HIV-1 full-length genomes in subtype C-infected individuals with differing disease progression.AIDS (London, England) · 2013Article
- Article
- The T-cell response to HIV.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2012Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It is unknown whether patterns of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific T-cell responses during acute infection may influence the viral set point and the course of disease. We wished to establish whether the magnitude and breadth of HIV type 1 (HIV-1)-specific T-cell responses at 3 months postinfection were correlated with the viral-load set point at 12 months and hypothesized that the magnitude and breadth of HIV-specific T-cell responses during primary infection would predict the set point. Gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay responses across the complete proteome were measured in 47 subtype C HIV-1-infected participants at a median of 12 weeks postinfection. When corrected for amino acid length and individuals responding to each region, the order of recognition was as follows: Nef > Gag > Pol > Rev > Vpr > Env > Vpu > Vif > Tat. Nef responses were significantly (P < 0.05) dominant, targeted six epitopic regions, and were unrelated to the course of viremia. There was no significant difference in the magnitude and breadth of responses for each protein region with disease progression, although there was a trend of increased breadth (mean, four to seven pools) in rapid progressors. Correlation of the magnitude and breadth of IFN-gamma responses with the viral set point at 12 months revealed almost zero association for each protein region. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the magnitude and breadth of IFN-gamma ELISPOT assay responses at 3 months postinfection are unrelated to the course of disease in the first year of infection and are not associated with, and have low predictive power for, the viral set point at 12 months.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.