ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2009
Physical activity and breast cancer risk among pre- and postmenopausal women in the U.S. Radiologic Technologists cohort.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-occupational physical activity and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality outcomes: a dose-response meta-analysis of large prospective studies.British journal of sports medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Active Commuting and Multiple Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Pooled it
- Risk factors for breast cancer for women aged 40 to 49 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of internal medicine · 2012Pooled it
- Exercise Interventions in Breast Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms, Physical Benefits, and Practical Recommendations.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Physical activity and glioblastoma: a paradigm shift in neuro-oncology therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- International Pooled Analysis of Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Premenopausal Breast Cancer in Women From 19 Cohorts.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Article
- Higher number of steps is related to lower endogenous progesterone but not estradiol levels in women.PloS one · 2024Article
- Chemoprevention and Lifestyle Modifications for Risk Reduction in Sporadic and Hereditary Breast Cancer.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- What Is Known about Breast Cancer in Young Women?Cancers · 2023Review
- Review
- Effects of physical activity on quality of life and physical function in postoperative patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Physical therapy research · 2021Article
- Leisure Time Physical Activity in Relation to Mortality Among African American Women.American journal of preventive medicine · 2020Article
- Mortality reduction with physical activity in patients with and without cardiovascular disease.European heart journal · 2019Article
- The Premenopausal Breast Cancer Collaboration: A Pooling Project of Studies Participating in the National Cancer Institute Cohort Consortium.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2017Review
- Recreational physical activity and risk of triple negative breast cancer in the California Teachers Study.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2016Article
- Association of Leisure-Time Physical Activity With Risk of 26 Types of Cancer in 1.44 Million Adults.JAMA internal medicine · 2016Article
- Exercise Activates p53 and Negatively Regulates IGF-1 Pathway in Epidermis within a Skin Cancer Model.PloS one · 2016Article
- Leisure time physical activity and mortality: a detailed pooled analysis of the dose-response relationship.JAMA internal medicine · 2015Article
- Physical activity and the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer - the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study.Journal of negative results in biomedicine · 2014Article
- Basal cell carcinoma and anthropometric factors in the U.S. radiologic technologists cohort study.International journal of cancer · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To clarify aspects of the association between physical activity and breast cancer, such as activity intensity required, and possible effect modification by factors such as menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) use. We prospectively examined physical activity in relation to breast cancer risk among 45,631 women participating in the U.S. Radiologic Technologists cohort. Participants provided information at baseline regarding hours spent per week engaging in strenuous activity, walking/hiking for exercise, and walking at home or work. We estimated multivariable relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of breast cancer using Cox regression. We identified 864 incident-invasive breast cancers. Greatest risk reduction was observed among women who reported walking/hiking for exercise 10 or more hours per week (RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.34-0.95) compared with those reporting no walking/hiking. The association between walking/hiking for exercise and breast cancer was modified by MHT use (p for interaction = 0.039). Postmenopausal women who never used MHT had reduced risks of breast cancer associated with physical activity whereas no relation was observed among ever users of MHT. Our study suggests moderate intensity physical activity, such as walking, may protect against breast cancer. Further, the relation between physical activity and breast cancer may be modified by MHT use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.