ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2009
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis.Medicine · 2018Pooled it
- The Prognostic Value of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Case of complete response to immunotherapy in MMR-deficient prostate cancer associated with NK-like and CD4Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor G2 Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression and Serves as a Neutrophil-Related Prognostic Biomarker.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Multimodal In Situ Vaccination Using Cryoablation and a Plant Virus Immunostimulant.Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR · 2023Article
- A novel prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma based on pyruvate metabolism-related genes.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Natural Killer T-like Cells: Immunobiology and Role in Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Comprehensive characterization of ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma revealing the association with prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- High serum soluble CD155 level predicts poor prognosis and correlates with an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2022Article
- Understanding the Immunoenvironment of Primary Liver Cancer: A Histopathology Perspective.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2022Review
- Identification of m6A methyltransferase-related lncRNA signature for predicting immunotherapy and prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Bioscience reports · 2021Article
- Hypoxic Characteristic in the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- IL-37: An anti-inflammatory cytokine with antitumor functions.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2019Review
- Anti-tumor activity and mechanism of oligoclonal hepatocellular carcinoma tumor-infiltrating lymphocytesCancer biology & therapy · 2019Article
- A different representation of natural T cells and natural killer cells between tumor-infiltrating and periphery lymphocytes in human hepatocellular carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2017Article
- Assessment of sequence homology and immunologic cross-reactivity between tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) and human IL-21.PloS one · 2017Article
- Regulatory T-cells promote hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma progression.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2016Review
- Altered Biological Potential and Radioresponse of Murine Tumors in Different Microenvironments.Cancer research and treatment · 2016Article
- Identification of a FOXP3(+)CD3(+)CD56(+) population with immunosuppressive function in cancer tissues of human hepatocellular carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2015Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates the immunosuppressive nature of the local environment in tumor. The present study was focused on analyzing the immune status within hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast to the increasing number of CD4(+) T cells, CD8(+), CD3(-)CD56(+), CD3(+)CD56(+), and gammadeltaT cells were all found to be under-represented in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Notably, the relative abundance of CD3(+)CD56(+) cells appeared to be correlated with patient survival. Functional analysis demonstrated that CD4(+) cells in the tumor tended to produce more IL-10 but less IFN-gamma, whereas CD8(+) cells showed impaired capacity for the production of both IFN-gamma and perforin. Consistent with previous reports, we observed a significant increase of Foxp3(+) cells in the tumor tissue. Intriguingly, although over 90% of CD4(+)CD25(high) cells were found to be Foxp3(+), the majority of Foxp3(+) cells were identified in the CD4(+)CD25(medium) and CD4(+)CD25(-) subsets. In support of its role as a negative regulator, CD4(+)CD25(high) cells suppressed the proliferation of CD4(+)CD25(-) cells isolated from the same tissues in an APC dependent manner. In conclusion, the tumor microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma is featured by the presence of multiple immunosuppressive factors.
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Registered trials
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