Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18937743›Full record

ReviewTropical medicine & international health : TM & IH2008

Non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries: context, determinants and health policy.

J J Miranda, S Kinra, J P Casas, G Davey Smith, S Ebrahim

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 184 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
184citing papers in PubMed, 13 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

184 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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124 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

J J MirandaNon-communicable Disease Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
S Kinra
J P Casas
G Davey Smith
S Ebrahim

Funding

Wellcome Trust 074833
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rise of non-communicable diseases and their impact in low- and middle-income countries has gained increased attention in recent years. However, the explanation for this rise is mostly an extrapolation from the history of high-income countries whose experience differed from the development processes affecting today's low- and middle-income countries. This review appraises these differences in context to gain a better understanding of the epidemic of non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries. Theories of developmental and degenerative determinants of non-communicable diseases are discussed to provide strong evidence for a causally informed approach to prevention. Health policies for non-communicable diseases are considered in terms of interventions to reduce population risk and individual susceptibility and the research needs for low- and middle-income countries are discussed. Finally, the need for health system reform to strengthen primary care is highlighted as a major policy to reduce the toll of this rising epidemic.

Indexed as

Developing CountriesHealth PolicyCardiovascular DiseasesChronic DiseaseDiabetes MellitusFemaleHealth TransitionHumansLife StyleMaleMental DisordersNeoplasmsNutrition PolicyObesityQuality Assurance, Health CareRisk Factors

Identifiers

PMID18937743
PMCPMC2687091

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.