Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18923525›Full record

ArticleNature2008

Activating mutations in ALK provide a therapeutic target in neuroblastoma.

Rani E George, Takaomi Sanda, Megan Hanna, Stefan Fröhling, William Luther, Jianming Zhang, Yebin Ahn, Wenjun Zhou, Wendy B London, Patrick McGrady and 11 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 450 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
450citing papers in PubMed
37.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

450 citing papers in PubMed, 888 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Circulating Beta3-Adrenoreceptor as Novel Independent Biomarker for Risk Assessment in Neuroblastoma Patients.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
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  8. Article
  9. Ganglioside Profiling Uncovers Distinct Patterns in High-Risk Neuroblastoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
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  15. Article
  16. Article
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  19. Review
  20. Article

390 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.

Rani E GeorgeDepartment of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Takaomi Sanda
Megan Hanna
Stefan Fröhling
William Luther
Jianming Zhang
Yebin Ahn
Wenjun Zhou
Wendy B London
Patrick McGrady
Liquan Xue
Sergey Zozulya
Vlad E Gregor
Thomas R Webb
Nathanael S Gray
D Gary Gilliland
Lisa Diller
Heidi Greulich
Stephan W Morris
Matthew Meyerson
A Thomas Look
Pediatric Oncology Group · CAHarvard University · USBroad Institute · USChemBridge (United States) · USBrigham and Women's Hospital · USChildren's Oncology Group · USDana-Farber Cancer Institute · USSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital · USUniversity of Florida · US

Funding

Viral Vector Technology (VVTSR)P30CA021765 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI CHARLES ROBERTS · 1985 to 2026
$166.9M
NPM-ALK AND ALK IN LYMPHOMA AND NORMAL DEVELOPMENTR01CA069129 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI MORRIS, STEPHAN W · 1996 to 2006
$2.0M
Zebrafish PSNS Development and NeuroblastomaK08NS047983 · NINDS · DANA-FARBER CANCER INSTITUTE · PI GEORGE, RANI E. · 2004 to 2008
$822k
NCI NIH HHS CA21765NCI NIH HHS CA69129NCI NIH HHS P30 CA021765NCI NIH HHS R01 CA069129NINDS NIH HHS K08 NS047983
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neuroblastoma, an embryonal tumour of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, accounts for approximately 15% of all deaths due to childhood cancer. High-risk neuroblastomas are rapidly progressive; even with intensive myeloablative chemotherapy, relapse is common and almost uniformly fatal. Here we report the detection of previously unknown mutations in the ALK gene, which encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase, in 8% of primary neuroblastomas. Five non-synonymous sequence variations were identified in the kinase domain of ALK, of which three were somatic and two were germ line. The most frequent mutation, F1174L, was also identified in three different neuroblastoma cell lines. ALK complementary DNAs encoding the F1174L and R1275Q variants, but not the wild-type ALK cDNA, transformed interleukin-3-dependent murine haematopoietic Ba/F3 cells to cytokine-independent growth. Ba/F3 cells expressing these mutations were sensitive to the small-molecule inhibitor of ALK, TAE684 (ref. 4). Furthermore, two human neuroblastoma cell lines harbouring the F1174L mutation were also sensitive to the inhibitor. Cytotoxicity was associated with increased amounts of apoptosis as measured by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL). Short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of ALK expression in neuroblastoma cell lines with the F1174L mutation also resulted in apoptosis and impaired cell proliferation. Thus, activating alleles of the ALK receptor tyrosine kinase are present in primary neuroblastoma tumours and in established neuroblastoma cell lines, and confer sensitivity to ALK inhibition with small molecules, providing a molecular rationale for targeted therapy of this disease.

Indexed as

AllelesAnaplastic Lymphoma KinaseAnimalsApoptosisCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationCell SurvivalEnzyme ActivationGenome, HumanHumansIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceIn Situ Nick-End LabelingMiceMutationNeuroblastomaPolymorphism, Single NucleotideALK protein, humanAlk protein, mouseAnaplastic Lymphoma KinaseProtein-Tyrosine KinasesReceptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID18923525
PMCPMC2587486
OpenAlexW2060275730

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.