SynthesisThe American journal of psychiatry2008
Meta-analysis of the symptom structure of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Synthesis in The American journal of psychiatry, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 204 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
204 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- White matter abnormalities in paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review of diffusion tensor imaging studies.Brain imaging and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- A comprehensive review for machine learning on neuroimaging in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- The COVID-19 pandemic and obsessive-compulsive disorder in young people: Systematic review.Clinical child psychology and psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Systematic Review.Current psychiatry reports · 2021Pooled it
- Meta-analysis: hoarding symptoms associated with poor treatment outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2014Pooled it
- Symptom dimensions are associated with age of onset and clinical course of obsessive-compulsive disorder.Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2013Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of the dose-response relationship of SSRI in obsessive-compulsive disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2010Pooled it
- Virtual Exposure With Response Prevention for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- Initial evaluation of a therapist-supported online cognitive therapy self-help for patients with taboo obsessions.The British journal of clinical psychology · 2022Trial
- Time course of clinical change following neurofeedback.NeuroImage · 2018Trial
- Myth of the pure obsessional type in obsessive--compulsive disorder.Depression and anxiety · 2011Trial
- Repetitive behaviours in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: tics, compulsions, or both?PloS one · 2010Trial
- Executive Functioning, Family Accommodation, and Treatment Response in Youth with OCD and Comorbid ADHD in a Partial Hospital Program.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Patient-specific structural connectomic differences of deep brain stimulation targets in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder patients.Translational psychiatry · 2026Observational
- Altered frontal and occipital cortical microstructure in obsessive-compulsive disorder - a multisite mega-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Vitamin D Deficiency and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Repeated intranasal esketamine augmentation in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder with comorbid major depressive disorder: a prospective case series.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Black EquaLity in OCD NeuroGenomics (BELONG): Study Protocol.American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics · 2026Article
- Predictive validity of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-4 and Florida Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-II severity scale.Journal of psychiatric research · 2026Article
- Interactions of Technology and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptomatology in Adults: Qualitative Interview Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
144 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveOCD is a clinically heterogeneous condition. This heterogeneity has the potential to reduce power in genetic, neuroimaging, and clinical trials. Despite a mounting number of studies, there remains debate regarding the exact factor structure of OCD symptoms. The authors conducted a meta-analysis to determine the factor structure of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Symptom Checklist.
methodStudies were included if they involved subjects with OCD and included an exploratory factor analysis of the 13 Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Symptom Checklist categories or the items therein. A varimax-rotation was conducted in SAS 9.1 using the PROC FACTOR CORR to extract factors from sample-size weighted co-occurrence matrices. Stratified meta-analysis was conducted to determine the factor structure of OCD in studies involving children and adults separately.
resultsTwenty-one studies involving 5,124 participants were included. The four factors generated were 1) symmetry: symmetry obsessions and repeating, ordering, and counting compulsions; 2) forbidden thoughts: aggression, sexual, religious, and somatic obsessions and checking compulsions, 3) cleaning: cleaning and contamination, and 4) hoarding: hoarding obsessions and compulsions. Factor analysis of studies including adults yielded an identical factor structure compared to the overall meta-analysis. Factor analysis of child-only studies differed in that checking loaded highest on the symmetry factor and somatic obsessions, on the cleaning factor.
conclusionsA four-factor structure explained a large proportion of the heterogeneity in the clinical symptoms of OCD. Further item-level factor analyses are needed to determine the appropriate placement of miscellaneous somatic and checking OCD symptoms.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.