Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18846221›Full record

ArticlePloS one2008

ama1 genes of sympatric Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum from Venezuela differ significantly in genetic diversity and recombination frequency.

Rosalynn L Ord, Adriana Tami, Colin J Sutherland

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Article
  6. Genetic Diversity and Selection ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021
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  14. Analysis ofInternational journal of molecular and cellular medicine · 2017
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  15. Implications of Plasmodium vivax Biology for Control, Elimination, and Research.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2016
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  16. Article
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  18. Genetic diversity of the Plasmodium falciparum apical membrane antigen I gene in parasite population from the China-Myanmar border area.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2016
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rosalynn L OrdDepartment of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Adriana Tami
Colin J Sutherland
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe present the first population genetic analysis of homologous loci from two sympatric human malaria parasite populations sharing the same human hosts, using full-length sequences of ama1 genes from Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum collected in the Venezuelan Amazon. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL

findingsSignificant differences between the two species were found in genetic diversity at the ama1 locus, with 18 distinct haplotypes identified among the 73 Pvama1 sequences obtained, compared to 6 unique haplotypes from 30 Pfama1 sequences, giving overall diversity estimates of h = 0.9091, and h = 0.538 respectively. Levels of recombination were also found to differ between the species, with P. falciparum exhibiting very little recombination across the 1.77 kb sequence. In contrast, analysis of patterns of nucleotide substitutions provided evidence that polymorphisms in the ama1 gene of both species are maintained by balancing selection, particularly in domain I. The two distinct population structures observed are unlikely to result from different selective forces acting upon the two species, which share both human and mosquito hosts in this setting. Rather, the highly structured P. falciparum population appears to be the result of a population bottleneck, while the much less structured P. vivax population is likely to be derived from an ancient pool of diversity, as reflected in a larger estimate of effective population size for this species. Greatly reduced mosquito transmission in 1997, due to low rainfall prior to the second survey, was associated with far fewer P. falciparum infections, but an increase in P. vivax infections, probably due to hypnozoite activation. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The relevance of these findings to putative competitive interactions between these two important human pathogen species is discussed. These results highlight the need for future control interventions to employ strategies targeting each of the parasite species present in endemic areas.

Indexed as

Genetics, PopulationGenetic VariationRecombination, GeneticAnimalsAntigens, ProtozoanBase SequenceGene FrequencyHaplotypesHumansLinkage DisequilibriumMalariaMembrane ProteinsPlasmodium falciparumPlasmodium vivaxProtozoan ProteinsSelection, GeneticAntigens, Protozoanapical membrane antigen I, PlasmodiumMembrane ProteinsProtozoan Proteins

Identifiers

PMID18846221
PMCPMC2559863
OpenAlexW2071240809

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.