ArticleBMC microbiology2008
Cloning of the cytochrome p450 reductase (crtR) gene and its involvement in the astaxanthin biosynthesis of Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Astaxanthin biosynthesis stimulation in wild type Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous allows transcriptional reprogramming of genetic responses involved in oxidative stress and mitochondrial defense.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Advances in Metabolic Engineering for the Accumulation of Astaxanthin Biosynthesis.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Review
- Essence of Chicken Supplementation Alters Brain and Blood Metabolite Signatures in Sleep-Deprived Mice.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Advances and trends for astaxanthin synthesis in Phaffia rhodozyma.Microbial cell factories · 2025Review
- Testing eukaryotic routes for heterologous production of ketocarotenoids in cyanobacteria.Sustainable microbiology · 2025Article
- Identification of Potential New Genes Related to the SREBP Pathway inBiomolecules · 2024Article
- Molecular Basis of Yeasts Antimicrobial Activity-Developing Innovative Strategies for Biomedicine and Biocontrol.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Industrially Important Fungal Carotenoids: Advancements in Biotechnological Production and Extraction.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Unraveling the Molecular Basis of Mycosporine Biosynthesis in Fungi.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- GATA transcription factor WC2 regulates the biosynthesis of astaxanthin in yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.Microbial biotechnology · 2022Article
- Role of ROX1, SKN7, and YAP6 Stress Transcription Factors in the Production of Secondary Metabolites inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Optimization of microbial cell factories for astaxanthin production: Biosynthesis and regulations, engineering strategies and fermentation optimization strategies.Synthetic and systems biotechnology · 2022Review
- Damage response protein 1 (Dap1) functions in the synthesis of carotenoids and sterols in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.Journal of lipid research · 2022Article
- Functional expression and regulation of eukaryotic cytochrome P450 enzymes in surrogate microbial cell factories.Engineering microbiology · 2022Review
- Carotenoids and Their Biosynthesis in Fungi.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Genomic Characterization of the Titan-like Cell ProducingJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Deciphering the mechanism by which the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma responds adaptively to environmental, nutritional, and genetic cues.Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2021Review
- The SREBP (Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein) pathway: a regulatory bridge between carotenogenesis and sterol biosynthesis in the carotenogenic yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.Biological research · 2021Review
- Metabolic engineering for high yield synthesis of astaxanthin in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous.Microbial cell factories · 2021Review
- Sterol regulatory element-binding protein Sre1 regulates carotenogenesis in the red yeastJournal of lipid research · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous synthesizes astaxanthin, a carotenoid with high commercial interest. The proposed biosynthetic route in this organism is isopentenyl-pyrophosphate (IPP) --> geranyleranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) --> phytoene --> lycopene --> beta-carotene --> astaxanthin. Recently, it has been published that the conversion of beta-carotene into astaxanthin requires only one enzyme, astaxanthin synthase or CrtS, encoded by crtS gene. This enzyme belongs to the cytochrome P450 protein family.
resultsIn this work, a crtR gene was isolated from X. dendrorhous yeast, which encodes a cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) that provides CrtS with the necessary electrons for substrate oxygenation. We determined the structural organization of the crtR gene and its location in the yeast electrophoretic karyotype. Two transformants, CBSTr and T13, were obtained by deleting the crtR gene and inserting a hygromycin B resistance cassette. The carotenoid composition of the transformants was altered in relation to the wild type strain. CBSTr forms yellow colonies because it is unable to produce astaxanthin, hence accumulating beta-carotene. T13 forms pale colonies because its astaxanthin content is reduced and its beta-carotene content is increased.
conclusionIn addition to the crtS gene, X. dendrorhous requires a novel gene, crtR, for the conversion of beta-carotene to astaxanthin.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.