ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2008
Decreased expression of intelectin 1 in the human airway epithelium of smokers compared to nonsmokers.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrating bioinformatics and molecular experiments to reveal the critical role of the cellular energy metabolism-related marker PLA2G1B in COPD epithelial cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Deciphering the molecular regulatory of RAB32/GPRC5A axis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Exploring the shared gene signatures of smoking-related osteoporosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using machine learning algorithms.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
- A Macrophage-Related Gene Signature for Identifying COPD Based on Bioinformatics and ex vivo Experiments.Journal of inflammation research · 2023Article
- Anoikis resistance of small airway epithelium is involved in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Human Intelectin-1 Promotes Cellular Attachment and Neutrophil Killing of Streptococcus pneumoniae in a Serotype-Dependent Manner.Infection and immunity · 2022Article
- Gene Expression Trajectories from Normal Nonsmokers to COPD Smokers and Disease Progression Discriminant Modeling in Response to Cigarette Smoking.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Expression of endocannabinoid system components in human airway epithelial cells: impact of sex and chronic respiratory disease status.ERJ open research · 2020Article
- Multiple Expression Assessments of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 SARS-CoV-2 Entry Molecules in the Urinary Tract and Their Associations with Clinical Manifestations of COVID-19.Infection and drug resistance · 2020Article
- Association of Cigarette Smoking, COPD, and Lung Cancer With Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Genes in Human Airway Epithelial Cells.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Article
- Identification of gene and microRNA changes in response to smoking in human airway epithelium by bioinformatics analyses.Medicine · 2019Article
- Elevated Levels of Intelectin-1, a Pathogen-binding Lectin, in the BAL Fluid of Patients with Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia and Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2018Article
- Association of circulating omentin-1 level with lung cancer in smokers.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2018Article
- Omentin-A Novel Adipokine in Respiratory Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2017Review
- Mechanistic Evaluation of the Impact of Smoking and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on the Nasal Epithelium.Clinical medicine insights. Circulatory, respiratory and pulmonary medicine · 2017Article
- The Role of Interleukin-23 in the Early Development of Emphysema in HIV1(+) Smokers.Journal of immunology research · 2016Article
- Intelectin 1 suppresses tumor progression and is associated with improved survival in gastric cancer.Oncotarget · 2015Article
- Intelectin 1 suppresses the growth, invasion and metastasis of neuroblastoma cells through up-regulation of N-myc downstream regulated gene 2.Molecular cancer · 2015Article
- SEGEL: A Web Server for Visualization of Smoking Effects on Human Lung Gene Expression.PloS one · 2015Article
- Matrix metalloproteinase induction of Rac1b, a key effector of lung cancer progression.Science translational medicine · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lectins are innate immune defense proteins that recognize bacterial cell wall components. Based on the knowledge that cigarette smoking is associated with an increased risk of infections, we hypothesized that cigarette smoking may modulate the expression of lectin genes in airway epithelium. Affymetrix microarrays were used to survey the expression of lectin genes in large airway epithelium from nine nonsmokers and 20 healthy smokers and in small airway epithelium from 13 nonsmokers and 20 healthy smokers. There were no changes (>2-fold change; p < 0.05) in lectin gene expression among healthy smokers compared with nonsmokers except for down-regulation of intelectin 1, a lectin that binds to galactofuranosyl residues in bacterial cell walls (large airway epithelium, p < 0.01; small airway epithelium, p < 0.01). This was confirmed by TaqMan RT-PCR in both large (p < 0.05) and small airway epithelium (p < 0.02). Immunohistochemistry assessment of airway biopsies demonstrated that intelectin 1 was expressed in secretory cells, while Western analysis confirmed the decreased expression of intelectin 1 in airway epithelium of healthy smokers compared with healthy nonsmokers (p < 0.02). Finally, compared with healthy nonsmokers, intelectin 1 expression was also decreased in small airway epithelium of smokers with lone emphysema and normal spirometry (n = 13, p < 0.01) and smokers with established chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n = 14, p < 0.01). In the context that intelectin 1 plays a role in defense against bacteria, its down-regulation in response to cigarette smoking is another example of the immunomodulatory effects of smoking on the immune system and may contribute to the increase in susceptibility to infections observed in smokers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.