ReviewThe ocular surface2008
The aging lacrimal gland: changes in structure and function.
Review in The ocular surface, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 152 citations in OpenAlex.
- Canine Tear Proteomics: A New Frontier in Veterinary Ophthalmology.Veterinary ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Comparative Utility of Tear Film and Ocular Surface Parameters in Differentiating Sjögren's Disease Dry Eye From Non-Sjögren's Dry Eye.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Activation of PPARγ Attenuates Age-Related Lacrimal Gland Dysfunction by Alleviating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Ferroptosis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Wild chrysanthemum essential oil alleviates dry eye disease by inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- A framework of biomarkers for visual system aging: a consensus statement by the Aging Biomarker Consortium.Life medicine · 2025Article
- Dry Eye Disease: Oxidative Stress on Ocular Surface and Cutting-Edge Antioxidants.Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) · 2025Review
- Comparative Analysis of Age-Associated Changes in Meibum Composition, Distribution, and Function in Mice With Altered Hyaluronan Expression.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Histological and histochemical characterization of the musk gland in forest musk deer (European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2025Article
- Plin2 Coordinates Immune and Metabolic Reprogramming in Lacrimal Gland Aging.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Chlorogenic acid attenuates oxidative damage in rat lacrimal gland epithelial cells via PI3K/AKT/FoxO3 signaling: network pharmacology and experimental evidence.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Melatonin Alleviates Age-Related Lacrimal Gland Dysfunction Via SIRT-1/NLRP3 Pathway.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Chronic Jet Lag Disrupts Circadian Rhythms and Induces Hyperproliferation in Murine Lacrimal Glands via ROS Accumulation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitophagy Ameliorates Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Lacrimal Gland Acinar Cells During Aging.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Accelerated aging in space and the ocular surface.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Effects of age on lacrimal gland bioactive lipids.The ocular surface · 2024Article
- Fluorescence-based reagent and spectrum-based optical reader for lactoferrin detection in tears: differentiating Sjögren's syndrome from non-Sjögren's dry eye syndrome.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Aging Lacrimal Gland of Female C57BL/6J Mice Exhibits Multinucleate Macrophage Infiltration Associated With Lipid Dysregulation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Article
- Oxidative stress in the eye and its role in the pathophysiology of ocular diseases.Redox biology · 2023Review
- Recent advances in age-related meibomian gland dysfunction (ARMGD).The ocular surface · 2023Review
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The afferent nerves of the cornea and conjunctiva, efferent nerves of the lacrimal gland, and the lacrimal gland are a functional unit that works cooperatively to produce the aqueous component of tears. A decrease in the lacrimal gland secretory function can lead to dry eye disease. Because aging is a risk factor for dry eye disease, study of the changes in the function of the lacrimal gland functional unit with age is important for developing treatments to prevent dry eye disease. No one mechanism is known to induce the changes that occur with aging, although multiple different mechanisms have been associated with aging. These fall into two theoretical categories: programmed theories of aging (immunological, genetic, apoptotic, and neuroendocrine) and error theories of aging (protein alteration, somatic mutation, etc). Lacrimal glands undergo structural and functional alteration with increasing age. In mouse models of aging, it has been shown that neural stimulation of protein secretion is an early target of aging, accompanied by an increase in mast cells and lipofuscin accumulation. Hyperglycemia and increased lymphocytic infiltration can contribute to this loss of function at older ages. These findings suggest that an increase in oxidative stress may play a role in the loss of lacrimal gland function with age. For the afferent and efferent neural components of the lacrimal gland functional unit, immune or inflammatory mediated decrease in nerve function could contribute to loss of lacrimal gland secretion with age. More research in this area is critically needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.