ArticleJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism2009
Intracerebral hemorrhage leads to infiltration of several leukocyte populations with concomitant pathophysiological changes.
Article in Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04088630 (Fingolimod as a Treatment of Cerebral Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage), which is not on this map. Cited by 49 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Fingolimod as a Treatment of Cerebral Edema After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Interaction of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Complement in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Regulatory T cells in intracerebral hemorrhage: mechanisms of immunomodulation and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Review
- Immune cell response after intracerebral hemorrhage in piglets and the treatment effects of deferoxamine and minocycline.Experimental neurology · 2025Article
- Comprehensive insight on immune landscape in intracerebral hemorrhage patients with single-cell RNA sequencing: from blood to hematoma.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Impaired microglial glycolysis promotes inflammatory responses after intracerebral haemorrhage via HK2-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Prognostic Role of Cuproptosis-Related Gene after Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- T cell receptor activation contributes to brain damage after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Nasal anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody ameliorates traumatic brain injury, enhances microglial phagocytosis and reduces neuroinflammation via IL-10-dependent TNature neuroscience · 2025Article
- TYROBP serve as potential immune-related signature genes in the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Group 2 innate lymphoid cells suppress neuroinflammation and brain injury following intracerebral hemorrhage.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024Article
- Identification of immune-related biomarkers for intracerebral hemorrhage diagnosis based on RNA sequencing and machine learning.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- CD4Science advances · 2023Article
- Overexpressing SIRT6 can Attenuate the Injury of Intracerebral Hemorrhage by Down-Regulating NF-kB.Neuromolecular medicine · 2023Article
- Soluble Trem2 is a negative regulator of erythrophagocytosis after intracerebral hemorrhage in a CD36 receptor recycling manner.Journal of advanced research · 2023Article
- CNS-peripheral immune interactions in hemorrhagic stroke.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2023Review
- Unconventional T cells in brain homeostasis, injury and neurodegeneration.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Review
- Erythrophagocytosis by Microglia/Macrophage in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: From Mechanisms to Translation.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Review
- CSF and serum inflammatory response and association with outcomes in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with intraventricular extension: an analysis of the CLEAR-III Trial.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a stroke subtype with high rates of mortality and morbidity. The immune system, particularly complement and cytokine signaling, has been implicated in brain injury after ICH. However, the cellular immunology associated with ICH has been understudied. In this report, we use flow cytometry to quantitatively profile immune cell populations that infiltrate the brain 1 and 4 days post-ICH. At 1 day CD45(hi) GR-1(+) cells were increased 2.0-fold compared with saline controls (P<or=0.05); however, we did not observe changes in any other cell populations analyzed. At 4 days ICH mice presented with a 2.4-fold increase in CD45(hi) cells, a 1.9-fold increase in CD45(hi) GR-1(-) cells, a 3.4-fold increase in CD45(hi) GR-1(+) cells, and most notably, a 1.7-fold increase in CD4(+) cells (P<or=0.05 for all groups), compared with control mice. We did not observe changes in the numbers of CD8(+) cells or CD45(lo) GR-1(-) cells (P=0.43 and 0.49, respectively). Thus, we have shown the first use of flow cytometry to analyze leukocyte infiltration in response to ICH. Our finding of a CD4 T-cell infiltrate is novel and suggests a role for the adaptive immune system in the response to ICH.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.