ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2008
Smokers' use of nicotine replacement therapy for reasons other than stopping smoking: findings from the ITC Four Country Survey.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Potential for non-combustible nicotine products to reduce socioeconomic inequalities in smoking: a systematic review and synthesis of best available evidence.BMC public health · 2019Pooled it
- How do we determine the impact of e-cigarettes on cigarette smoking cessation or reduction? Review and recommendations for answering the research question with scientific rigor.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2018Pooled it
- Effectiveness of over-the-counter nicotine replacement therapy: a qualitative review of nonrandomized trials.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2011Pooled it
- Sustained effects of reduced nicotine cigarettes and co-use of non-combusted alternative nicotine delivery systems: A one-month follow-up to a randomized clinical trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Trial
- New recreational nicotine lozenges, tablets, gummies and gum proliferate on the US market.Tobacco control · 2024Article
- Trends in Over-the-Counter Nicotine Replacement Therapy Sales, U.S., 2017‒2020.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- E-liquid purchase as a function of workplace restriction in the experimental tobacco marketplace.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Case for investment in tobacco cessation: a population-based analysis in low- and middle-income countries.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2022Article
- Smokers who have not tried alternative nicotine products: a 2019 survey of adults in Great Britain.Harm reduction journal · 2020Article
- New Pharmacological Agents to Aid Smoking Cessation and Tobacco Harm Reduction: What Has Been Investigated, and What Is in the Pipeline?CNS drugs · 2016Review
- Effects of Televised Direct-to-Consumer Advertising for Varenicline on Prescription Dispensing in the United States, 2006-2009.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Article
- Does the Magnitude of Reduction in Cigarettes Per Day Predict Smoking Cessation? A Qualitative Review.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Review
- Article
- Comparison of the characteristics of long-term users of electronic cigarettes versus nicotine replacement therapy: A cross-sectional survey of English ex-smokers and current smokers.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2015Article
- Nicotine replacement therapy use among smokers and ex-smokers: associated attitudes and beliefs: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2014Article
- Longitudinal associations between smoking cessation medications and alcohol consumption among smokers in the International Tobacco Control Four Country survey.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2013Article
- Review
- Stability of cigarette consumption over time among continuing smokers: a latent growth curve analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2012Article
- Non-cigarette tobacco products: what have we learnt and where are we headed?Tobacco control · 2012Review
- Adherence to and reasons for premature discontinuation from stop-smoking medications: data from the ITC Four-Country Survey.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo measure the prevalence and correlates of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) use for reasons other than quitting smoking among smokers in four countries. DESIGN AND
settingPopulation-based, cross-sectional telephone survey with nationally representative samples of adult smokers in Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia, conducted in 2005.
participantsA total of 6532 adult daily smokers in Canada (n = 1660), the United States (n = 1664), the United Kingdom (n = 1617) and Australia (n = 1591). MEASUREMENTS: Survey questions included demographics, smoking behaviour, use of NRT and reasons for NRT use, as well as access and availability of NRT.
findingsApproximately 17% of smokers surveyed had used NRT in the past year. Among NRT users, approximately one-third used NRT for a reason other than quitting smoking, including temporary abstinence or reducing the number of cigarettes smoked. The prevalence of non-standard NRT use was remarkably consistent across countries. Using NRT for reasons other than quitting was associated with higher education level, heavier smoking, having no quit intentions, having no past-year quit attempts, the type of NRT product used and accessing NRT without a prescription.
conclusionsThe use of NRT for purposes other than quitting smoking is fairly common and may help to explain the difficulty in detecting significant quitting benefits associated with NRT use in population studies. Tobacco control policies, including the accessibility of NRT, may have important implications for patterns of NRT use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.