ArticlePLoS genetics2008
Sex-biased evolutionary forces shape genomic patterns of human diversity.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 168 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of the association between male dimorphism and fitness outcomes in humans.eLife · 2022Pooled it
- The Breeding Sex Ratio Interacts With Demographic History to Shape Comparative Patterns of Variation on the X Chromosome and the Autosomes.Genome biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Comparative Patterns of Variation on the X Chromosome and Autosomes: The Role of the Breeding Sex Ratio.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Further insights into maternal and paternal human histories in southern Iberia.Evolutionary human sciences · 2025Article
- Identifying X-chromosome variants associated with age-related macular degeneration.Human molecular genetics · 2024Article
- Allele frequency dynamics under sex-biased demography and sex-specific inheritance in a pedigreed jay population.Genetics · 2024Article
- Identity-by-descent-based estimation of the X chromosome effective population size with application to sex-specific demographic history.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Article
- Methods for Assessing Population Relationships and History Using Genomic Data.Annual review of genomics and human genetics · 2023Review
- Substantial but Misunderstood Human Sexual Dimorphism Results Mainly From Sexual Selection on Males and Natural Selection on Females.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Agency, communion, and pubertal status: Separating between- and within-person associations to examine social goals development.Journal of personality · 2021Article
- A neutral model for the loss of recombination on sex chromosomes.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021Article
- Changes in life history and population size can explain the relative neutral diversity levels on X and autosomes in extant human populations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Article
- Genomic Structure ofGenetics · 2019Article
- The inference of sex-biased human demography from whole-genome data.PLoS genetics · 2019Article
- Complex patterns of sex-biased demography in canines.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2019Article
- Deleterious variation shapes the genomic landscape of introgression.PLoS genetics · 2018Article
- High Levels of Copy Number Variation of Ampliconic Genes across Major Human Y Haplogroups.Genome biology and evolution · 2018Article
- Outstanding questions in the study of archaic hominin admixture.PLoS genetics · 2018Review
- Genetic Diversity on the Sex Chromosomes.Genome biology and evolution · 2018Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Comparisons of levels of variability on the autosomes and X chromosome can be used to test hypotheses about factors influencing patterns of genomic variation. While a tremendous amount of nucleotide sequence data from across the genome is now available for multiple human populations, there has been no systematic effort to examine relative levels of neutral polymorphism on the X chromosome versus autosomes. We analyzed approximately 210 kb of DNA sequencing data representing 40 independent noncoding regions on the autosomes and X chromosome from each of 90 humans from six geographically diverse populations. We correct for differences in mutation rates between males and females by considering the ratio of within-human diversity to human-orangutan divergence. We find that relative levels of genetic variation are higher than expected on the X chromosome in all six human populations. We test a number of alternative hypotheses to explain the excess polymorphism on the X chromosome, including models of background selection, changes in population size, and sex-specific migration in a structured population. While each of these processes may have a small effect on the relative ratio of X-linked to autosomal diversity, our results point to a systematic difference between the sexes in the variance in reproductive success; namely, the widespread effects of polygyny in human populations. We conclude that factors leading to a lower male versus female effective population size must be considered as important demographic variables in efforts to construct models of human demographic history and for understanding the forces shaping patterns of human genomic variability.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.