ArticleEnvironmental health : a global access science source2008
Geographic risk modeling of childhood cancer relative to county-level crops, hazardous air pollutants and population density characteristics in Texas.
Article in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Passive environmental residential exposure to agricultural pesticides and hematological malignancies in the general population: a systematic review.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Pooled it
- Maternal residential proximity to oil and gas development in California and the risk of childhood cancer.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2026Article
- Influence of Social and Demographic Factors on Retinoblastoma Outcomes in the United States: A Systematic Review.Cochrane evidence synthesis and methods · 2026Review
- Worldwide patterns and trends in childhood and adolescent brain cancers, 1990-2021: insights from the global burden of disease study 2021.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Association between Residential Proximity to Viticultural Areas and Childhood Acute Leukemia Risk in Mainland France: GEOCAP Case-Control Study, 2006-2013.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Residential proximity to croplands at birth and childhood leukaemia.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Article
- Methodological approaches to the study of cancer risk in the vicinity of pollution sources: the experience of a population-based case-control study of childhood cancer.International journal of health geographics · 2019Article
- Agricultural crop density and risk of childhood cancer in the midwestern United States: an ecologic study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2015Article
- An exploratory study of ambient air toxics exposure in pregnancy and the risk of neuroblastoma in offspring.Environmental research · 2013Article
- Rural residence and cancer outcomes in the United States: issues and challenges.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2013Review
- Retinoblastoma and ambient exposure to air toxics in the perinatal period.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChildhood cancer has been linked to a variety of environmental factors, including agricultural activities, industrial pollutants and population mixing, but etiologic studies have often been inconclusive or inconsistent when considering specific cancer types. More specific exposure assessments are needed. It would be helpful to optimize future studies to incorporate knowledge of high-risk locations or geographic risk patterns. The objective of this study was to evaluate potential geographic risk patterns in Texas accounting for the possibility that multiple cancers may have similar geographic risks patterns.
methodsA spatio-temporal risk modeling approach was used, whereby 19 childhood cancer types were modeled as potentially correlated within county-years. The standard morbidity ratios were modeled as functions of intensive crop production, intensive release of hazardous air pollutants, population density, and rapid population growth.
resultsThere was supportive evidence for elevated risks for germ cell tumors and "other" gliomas in areas of intense cropping and for hepatic tumors in areas of intense release of hazardous air pollutants. The risk for Hodgkin lymphoma appeared to be reduced in areas of rapidly growing population. Elevated spatial risks included four cancer histotypes, "other" leukemias, Central Nervous System (CNS) embryonal tumors, CNS other gliomas and hepatic tumors with greater than 95% likelihood of elevated risks in at least one county.
conclusionThe Bayesian implementation of the Multivariate Conditional Autoregressive model provided a flexible approach to the spatial modeling of multiple childhood cancer histotypes. The current study identified geographic factors supporting more focused studies of germ cell tumors and "other" gliomas in areas of intense cropping, hepatic cancer near Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP) release facilities and specific locations with increased risks for CNS embryonal tumors and for "other" leukemias. Further study should be performed to evaluate potentially lower risk for Hodgkin lymphoma and malignant bone tumors in counties with rapidly growing population.
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