Trial reportArchives of internal medicine2008
Calorie restriction and bone health in young, overweight individuals.
Trial report in Archives of internal medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00099151 (Metabolic Adaptations to Six Month Caloric Restriction), which is not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Metabolic Adaptations to Six Month Caloric Restriction
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- Does exercise affect bone mineral density and content when added to a calorie-restricted diet? A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of exercise training and dietary supplement on fat free mass and bone mass density during weight loss - a systematic review and meta-analysis.F1000Research · 2022Pooled it
- Exercise attenuates bone mineral density loss during diet-induced weight loss in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of sport and health science · 2021Pooled it
- Is Caloric Restriction Associated with Better Healthy Aging Outcomes? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Effects of dietary restriction on adipose mass and biomarkers of healthy aging in human.Aging · 2016Pooled it
- The effects of weight loss approaches on bone mineral density in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016Pooled it
- Effect of caloric restriction on organ size and its contribution to metabolic adaptation: an ancillary analysis of CALERIE 2.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Effect of Weight Loss via Severe vs Moderate Energy Restriction on Lean Mass and Body Composition Among Postmenopausal Women With Obesity: The TEMPO Diet Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2019Trial
- Effect of Alternate-Day Fasting on Weight Loss, Weight Maintenance, and Cardioprotection Among Metabolically Healthy Obese Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA internal medicine · 2017Trial
- Effect of Two-Year Caloric Restriction on Bone Metabolism and Bone Mineral Density in Non-Obese Younger Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Improved nutritional status and bone health after diet-induced weight loss in sedentary osteoarthritis patients: a prospective cohort study.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2012Trial
- A losing battle: weight regain does not restore weight loss-induced bone loss in postmenopausal women.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2011Trial
- Leptin administration does not prevent the bone mineral metabolism changes induced by weight loss.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2011Trial
- Dietary adherence to long-term controlled feeding in a calorie-restriction study in overweight men and women.Nutrition in clinical practice : official publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · 2011Trial
- The Effects of Obesity and Weight Loss Interventions on Bone Health: A Narrative Review.Current diabetes reports · 2025Review
- Effects of Anti-Obesity Strategies on Bone Mineral Density: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- The Impact of Obesity Treatments on Bone Health: Insights from Recent Research.Journal of obesity & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCalorie restriction (CR) is promoted to increase longevity, yet this regimen could lead to bone loss and fracture and therefore affect quality of life.
methodsForty-six individuals were randomized to 4 groups for 6 months: (1) healthy diet (control group); (2) 25% CR from baseline energy requirements (CR group); (3) 25% energy deficit by a combination of CR and increased aerobic exercise (CR + EX group); and (4) low-calorie diet (890 kcal/d; goal, 15% weight loss) followed by weight maintenance (LCD group). Bone mineral density (total body and hip by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and serum bone markers (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen, and cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen) were measured at baseline and after 6 months.
resultsMean +/- SE body weight was reduced by -1.0% +/- 1.1% (control), -10.4% +/- 0.9% (CR), -10.0% +/- 0.8% (CR + EX), and -13.9% +/- 0.7% (LCD). Compared with the control group, none of the groups showed any change in bone mineral density for total body or hip. Bone resorption by serum cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen was increased in all 3 intervention groups, with the largest change observed in the LCD group (CR, 23% +/- 10%; CR + EX, 22% +/- 9%; and LCD, 74% +/- 16% vs control, 4% +/- 10%). Serum levels of cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen were also increased in the LCD group. With regard to bone formation, bone alkaline phosphatase levels were decreased in the CR group (-23% +/- 10%) but were unchanged in the CR + EX, LCD, and control groups.
conclusionsModerate CR, with or without exercise, that preserves calcium intake for 6 months leads to large changes in body composition without significant bone loss in young adults. Longer studies with assessments of bone architecture are needed to confirm that CR nutrient-dense diets have no deleterious effect on bone health.
trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00099151.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.