ArticleBlood2008
Estrogen inhibits dendritic cell maturation to RNA viruses.
Article in Blood, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Depot Medoxyprogesterone Acetate on Immune Functions and Inflammatory Markers of HIV-Infected Women.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Trial
- Immunogenicity of an inactivated monovalent 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine in pregnant women.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2011Trial
- Mucosal Dynamics Contributing to Innate Immune Responses to HIV in the Human Female Genital Tract.Viruses · 2026Review
- Sex chromosomes and gonadal sex interactions in airway and immune responses to allergen challenge.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2026Article
- Single-cell sequencing reveals alterations in the ovarian immune microenvironment regulated by 17β-estradiol in neonatal mice.Zoological research · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of Immune Tolerance and Inflammation via Gonadal Steroid Hormones in Preterm Birth.Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.) · 2023Article
- Aging modifies endometrial dendritic cell function and unconventional double negative T cells in the human genital mucosa.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in the Systemic and Local Immune Response of Pancreatic Cancer Patients.Cancers · 2023Article
- Effect of 17β-Estradiol on Growth and Biosynthesis of MicroalgaePlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Psychoneuroimmunology in the context of perinatal depression - Tools for improved clinical practice.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
- Sex Hormones and Aging Modulate Interferon Lambda 1 Production and Signaling by Human Uterine Epithelial Cells and Fibroblasts.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- 17β-Estradiol, a potential ally to alleviate SARS-CoV-2 infection.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2020Review
- Pregnancy Downregulates Plasmablast Metabolic Gene Expression Following Influenza Without Altering Long-Term Antibody Function.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Negative impact of proteinuria on circulating myeloid dendritic cells.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2019Observational
- Estradiol-regulated innate antiviral responses of human endometrial stromal fibroblasts.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2018Article
- Dendritic cells from the human female reproductive tract rapidly capture and respond to HIV.Mucosal immunology · 2017Article
- Estrogen receptors regulate innate immune cells and signaling pathways.Cellular immunology · 2015Review
- Fetal programming of schizophrenia: select mechanisms.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2015Review
- 17β-estradiol protects primary macrophages against HIV infection through induction of interferon-alpha.Viral immunology · 2014Article
- Myeloid decidual dendritic cells and immunoregulation of pregnancy: defective responsiveness to Coxiella burnetii and Brucella abortus.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in initiating and polarizing the immune response. Therefore, DC maturation represents a key control point in the shift from innate to adaptive immunity. It is suspected that during pregnancy, hormones are critical factors that modulate changes reported to occur in maternal immunity. Here we examined the effect of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) on the maturational response triggered by virus in human DCs and its influence on their ability to activate naive T cells. We developed an in vitro system to measure the response of DCs to virus infection with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) after a 24-hour E2 treatment. Using this system, we demonstrated that E2 pretreatment down-regulated the antiviral response to RNA viruses in DCs by profoundly suppressing type I interferon (IFN) synthesis and other important inflammatory products. In addition, the DCs capacity to stimulate naive CD4 T cells was also reduced. These results suggest an important role for E2 in suppressing the antiviral response and provide a mechanism for the reduced immunity to virus infection observed during pregnancy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.