ReviewClinical medicine & research2008
Insulin analogs: impact on treatment success, satisfaction, quality of life, and adherence.
Review in Clinical medicine & research, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatments for women with gestational diabetes mellitus: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- A comparison of health-related quality of life (health utility) between insulin degludec and insulin glargine: a meta-analysis of phase 3 trials.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2013Pooled it
- Insulin degludec improves health-related quality of life (SF-36® ) compared with insulin glargine in people with Type 2 diabetes starting on basal insulin: a meta-analysis of phase 3a trials.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2013Pooled it
- Initiating or Switching to Insulin Degludec/Insulin Aspart in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World, Prospective, Non-interventional Study Across Six Countries.Advances in therapy · 2022Trial
- Diverse intracellular trafficking of insulin analogs by machine learning-based colocalization and diffusion analysis.iScience · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle-Based Oral Insulin Delivery: Challenges, Advances, and Future Directions.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Real world evidence of insulin and biosimilar insulin therapy-Opportunities to improve adherence, outcomes and cost-effectiveness.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Review
- Comparative physicochemical and structural characterisation studies establish high biosimilarity between BGL-ASP and reference insulin aspart.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association of treatment satisfaction and physician trust with glycemic control among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes in Egypt.Diabetology international · 2024Article
- Overcoming barriers to patient adherence: the case for developing innovative drug delivery systems.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2023Review
- Cyclothymic Temperament is Associated with Poor Medication Adherence and Disordered Eating in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Case-Control Study.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2021Article
- 'Smart' insulin-delivery technologies and intrinsic glucose-responsive insulin analogues.Diabetologia · 2021Review
- Self-reported hypoglycaemia in insulin-treated patients with diabetes mellitus: results from the Singapore cohort of the International Operations Hypoglycaemia Assessment Tool study.Singapore medical journal · 2020Article
- The Adaptation of the Carbohydrate Counting Method Affects HbA1c and Improves Anthropometric Indicators in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus 2.Frontiers in nutrition · 2020Article
- Clinical Use of Degludec in Children and Adolescents with T1D: A Narrative Review with Fictionalized Case Reports.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019Review
- Appropriate Titration of Basal Insulin in Type 2 Diabetes and the Potential Role of the Pharmacist.Advances in therapy · 2019Review
- A comparative effectiveness study of degludec and insulin glargine 300 U/mL in insulin-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Observational
- Expression of the Biologically Active Insulin Analog SCI-57 inFrontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
- Treating Syrian refugees with diabetes and hypertension in Shatila refugee camp, Lebanon: Médecins Sans Frontières model of care and treatment outcomes.Conflict and health · 2019Article
- Switching from glargine+insulin aspart to glargine+insulin aspart 30 before breakfast combined with exercise after dinner and dividing meals for the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with poor glucose control - a prospective cohort study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2018Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A growing body of medical research has demonstrated that intensive control of serum glucose levels can minimize the development of diabetes-related complications. Success with insulin management ultimately depends on how closely a given regimen can mimic normal physiologic insulin release patterns. The new insulin analogs, including the rapid-acting analogs (aspart, lispro, glulisine), the long-acting basal analogs (glargine, detemir), and the premixed insulin analog formulations (75% neutral protamine lispro, 25% lispro; 50% neutral protamine lispro, 50% lispro; 70% protamine aspart, 30% aspart) have been formulated to allow for a closer replication of a normal insulin profile. The rapid-acting analogs can be administered at mealtimes and produce a rapid and short-lived insulin spike to address postprandial glucose elevations, while the long-acting analogs come close to the ideal of a smooth, relatively flat, 24-hour basal insulin supply, with less variability in action compared to NPH insulin. Despite these clear pharmacologic advantages, measurable clinical benefits in a complex disease such as diabetes can be hard to measure. To date, reviews of insulin analog studies have not found a dramatic overall improvement in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) outcomes compared to traditional human insulins, although all-analog basal-bolus regimens were associated with significantly lower HbA1c than all-human-insulin basal bolus regimens in some studies. Beyond HbA1c comparisons, however, insulin analogs have been shown in many instances to be associated with lower risks of hypoglycemia, lower levels of postprandial glucose excursions, better patient adherence, greater quality of life, and higher satisfaction with treatment. The long-acting basal analog insulin detemir has the additional advantage of producing less weight gain, which has been considered until now an almost inevitable consequence of insulin replacement.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.