ArticleSchizophrenia research2008
Antibodies to cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus 1 associated with cognitive function in schizophrenia.
Article in Schizophrenia research, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antiherpes virus-specific treatment and cognition in schizophrenia: a test-of-concept randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2013Trial
- Sharp-Wave EEG Activity and Cytomegalovirus Exposure in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: A Neuroimmune Perspective.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Changes of cognitive functions and proinflammatory cytokines across the lifespan in latentBrain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Unravelling the Viral Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Involvement of virus infections and antiviral agents in schizophrenia.Psychological medicine · 2025Review
- Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and Neurocognitive and Neuropsychiatric Health.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Pharmacological management of neurocognitive impairment in schizophrenia: A narrative review.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2024Review
- Article
- Indicators of HSV1 Infection, ECM-Receptor Interaction, and Chromatin Modulation in a Nuclear Family with Schizophrenia.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Serologic evaluation of cytomegalovirus (CMV), Toxoplasma gondii and Brucella in schizophrenia patients.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2023Article
- Schizophrenia, Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA), and Herpes Viruses: Immunogenetic Associations at the Population Level.Neuroscience insights · 2023Article
- Cigarette smoking is associated with Herpesviruses in persons with and without serious mental illness.PloS one · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Implications of the Microbial Hypothesis of Mental Illness.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Effect of Cytomegalovirus Infection on the Central Nervous System: Implications for Psychiatric Disorders.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Latent infections, coronavirus disease 2019 and psychiatric disorders: The friend of my enemy.Clinical and translational discovery · 2022Article
- Infectious agents as risk factors for psychosis - A time to reconsider and reinvigorate investigations.Schizophrenia research · 2021Article
- The Hippocampal Vulnerability to Herpes Simplex Virus Type I Infection: Relevance to Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Impairment.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Review
- Association of the Promoter Haplotype of IFN-γ-Inducible Protein 16 Gene with Schizophrenia in a Korean Population.Psychiatry investigation · 2020Article
- Deciphering microbiome and neuroactive immune gene interactions in schizophrenia.Neurobiology of disease · 2020Review
- From Infection to the Microbiome: An Evolving Role of Microbes in Schizophrenia.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCognitive impairment in the form of decreased working memory and executive functions has been recognized as a key deficit in schizophrenia. Neurotropic viruses have been associated with focal gray matter deficits in patients with schizophrenia. We evaluated whether such agents alter cognitive function in schizophrenia.
methodsThe sample consisted of 329 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. We evaluated associations between exposure to selected agents (Herpes Simplex Viruses 1 and 2 (HSV1, HSV2 respectively) cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Toxoplasma gondii) and scores on the Trail Making Test (TMT), controlling for relevant variables.
resultsSerological evidence of exposure to CMV was associated with impaired performance on TMT part A time to completion (p=0.044), a measure of visual search, working memory, and psychomotor speed. Both CMV and HSV1 were significantly associated with increased errors on TMT part B (p<0.001 for both viruses). HSV2 and T. gondii exposure measures were not associated with any of the cognitive functions evaluated using TMT.
conclusionsBoth CMV and HSV1 are associated with impaired cognitive function in schizophrenia as measured by the TMT. Further analyses to evaluate the impact of other illness related variables including genetic variants are warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.