Evidence map›Paper›PMID 18800242›Full record

ArticleJournal of behavioral medicine2008

The covariation of multiple risk factors in primary care: a latent class analysis.

Jennifer S Funderburk, Stephen A Maisto, Dawn E Sugarman, Mike Wade

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of behavioral medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Health Behaviors and Health Status among Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Chronic Diseases in Taiwan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Article
  9. Racial/Ethnic Variations in Clustered Risk Behaviors in the U.S.American journal of preventive medicine · 2020
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  19. The health heterogeneity of and health care utilization by the elderly in Taiwan.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2014
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jennifer S FunderburkCenter for Integrated Healthcare, Syracuse Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA. Jennifer.Funderburk@va.gov
Stephen A Maisto
Dawn E Sugarman
Mike Wade

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is a need to advance the quality of healthcare by increasing knowledge about multiple risk factors and how to intervene to improve health outcomes. In an effort to better describe the presentation of multiple risks, this study involved a database review to describe the prevalence and covariation of multiple risk factors in individuals presenting to primary care. Patients with a primary care encounter from January 1, 2005 to June 30, 2005 (N = 10,043) were identified from the Department of Veteran's Affair's medical database and information about the following risk factors was extracted: alcohol use, psychiatric distress, body mass, smoking status, blood pressure, and posttraumatic stress. Exploratory and confirmatory latent class analyses identified three classes of individuals. Class 1 consisted of individuals with an overall lower level of risk for health problems, but a moderately high likelihood of elevated blood pressure. Individuals in Class 2 appeared to have the greatest need for intervention because they had a moderate to high likelihood of reporting at risk alcohol use, smoking, depression, and posttraumatic stress. Class 3 consisted of individuals reporting the co-occurrence of at risk alcohol use, smoking, and elevated blood pressure. Similar to past research, the findings highlight the need for addressing multiple risk factors in primary care. In addition, this study expands on the literature by identifying specific patterns of covariation among different risk factors that suggest avenues for research and program development.

Indexed as

Alcohol DrinkingBlood PressureCluster AnalysisDatabases, FactualFemaleHealth BehaviorHealth Services Needs and DemandHumansHypertensionMaleMass ScreeningModels, StatisticalOdds RatioPrevalencePrimary Health CareRisk Factors

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.