ArticleLasers in surgery and medicine2008
Disruption of the blood-brain barrier following ALA-mediated photodynamic therapy.
Article in Lasers in surgery and medicine, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02474966 (Effects of Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Permeability of the Blood-brain Barrier in Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme), which is not on this map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Permeability of the Blood-brain Barrier in Patients With Glioblastoma Multiforme: a Pilot Study
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunological Insights into Photodynamic Therapy of Glioblastoma Multiforme.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Activatable Photosensitizers: From Fundamental Principles to Advanced Designs.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Review
- Carrier-Free, Amorphous Verteporfin Nanodrug for Enhanced Photodynamic Cancer Therapy and Brain Drug Delivery.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- The use of photodynamic therapy in medical practice.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Breaking barriers: exploring mechanisms behind opening the blood-brain barrier.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Review
- Interstitial Photodynamic Therapy of Glioblastomas: A Long-Term Follow-up Analysis of Survival and Volumetric MRI Data.Cancers · 2023Article
- Drug Permeability: From the Blood-Brain Barrier to the Peripheral Nerve Barriers.Advanced therapeutics · 2023Article
- Low-Level Laser Treatment Induces the Blood-Brain Barrier Opening and the Brain Drainage System Activation: Delivery of Liposomes into Mouse Glioblastoma.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Photodynamic Opening of the Blood-Brain Barrier and the Meningeal Lymphatic System: The New Niche in Immunotherapy for Brain Tumors.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Exploring the role of nanomedicines for the therapeutic approach of central nervous system dysfunction: At a glance.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Review
- Integrated Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Impact of Photodynamic Therapy on Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Comparison of Panitumumab-IRDye800CW and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid to Provide Optical Contrast in a Model of Glioblastoma Multiforme.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2020Article
- Photoacoustic visualization of the fluence rate dependence of photodynamic therapy.Biomedical optics express · 2020Article
- Photochemical Internalization for Intracellular Drug Delivery. From Basic Mechanisms to Clinical Research.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- Photodynamic Therapy for the Treatment of Glioblastoma.Frontiers in surgery · 2019Review
- Photodynamic opening of the blood-brain barrier to high weight molecules and liposomes through an optical clearing skull window.Biomedical optics express · 2018Article
- Photodynamic opening of blood-brain barrier.Biomedical optics express · 2017Article
- Cell Mediated Photothermal Therapy of Brain Tumors.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2017Review
- Antagonistic Effects of Endogenous Nitric Oxide in a Glioblastoma Photodynamic Therapy Model.Photochemistry and photobiology · 2016Article
- Increased nanoparticle-loaded exogenous macrophage migration into the brain following PDT-induced blood-brain barrier disruption.Lasers in surgery and medicine · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivePhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a local antineoplastic treatment with the potential for tumor cell specificity. PDT using either hematoporphyrin derivatives or 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has been reported to induce brain edema indicating disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We have evaluated the ability of ALA-mediated PDT to open the BBB in rats. This will permit access of chemotherapeutic agents to brain tumor cells remaining in the resection cavity wall, but limit their penetration into normal brain remote from the site of illumination. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND
methodsALA-PDT was performed on non-tumor bearing inbred Fischer rats at increasing fluence levels. Contrast T(1)-weighted high field (3 T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were used to monitor the degree of BBB disruption which could be inferred from the intensity and volume of the contrast agent visualized.
resultsPDT at increasing fluence levels between 9 and 26 J demonstrated an increasing contrast flow rate. A similar increased contrast volume was observed with increasing fluence rates. The BBB was found to be disrupted 2 hours following PDT and 80-100% restored 72 hours later at the lowest fluence level. No effect on the BBB was observed if 26 J of light was given in the absence of ALA.
conclusionALA-PDT was highly effective in opening the BBB in a localized region of the brain. The degradation of the BBB was temporary in nature at fluence levels of 9 J, opening rapidly following treatment and significantly restored during the next 72 hours. No signs of tissue damage were seen on histological sections at this fluence level. However, higher fluences did demonstrate permanent tissue changes localized in the immediate vicinity of the light source.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.