ArticleThe review of diabetic studies : RDS2008
Comparison of metformin and insulin in the treatment of gestational diabetes: a retrospective, case-control study.
Article in The review of diabetic studies : RDS, 2008. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02417090 (Metformin Therapy for Gestational Diabetes - Metabolic Late Effects on Child at 9 Years of Age), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Metformin Therapy for Gestational Diabetes - Metabolic Late Effects on Child at 9 Years of Age
Open the trial in the graphWho cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metformin use in gestational diabetes mellitus and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis on the risk of small for gestational age.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Metformin versus insulin in gestational diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.Irish journal of medical science · 2016Pooled it
- Metformin vs insulin in the management of gestational diabetes: a meta-analysis.PloS one · 2013 · on this mapPooled it
- Metformin treatment in type 2 diabetes in pregnancy: an active controlled, parallel-group, randomized, open label study in patients with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy.Journal of diabetes research · 2015 · on this mapTrial
- Comparative Effectiveness of Insulin Versus Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Diabetic Patients With Acute Stroke: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis of Treatment Outcomes and Influencing Factors.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Metformin use in gestational diabetes is not associated with an increased risk of preterm labor and small for gestational age infants compared to diet control alone.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Metformin in gestational diabetes: physiological actions and clinical applications.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Neonatal Outcomes in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Metformin: A Retrospective Study in Saudi Arabia.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Relationships Between Exposure to Gestational Diabetes Treatment and Neonatal Anthropometry: Evidence from the Born in Bradford (BiB) Cohort.Maternal and child health journal · 2024Article
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Preeclampsia: Correlation and Influencing Factors.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Metformin in pregnancy and risk of adverse long-term outcomes: a register-based cohort study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2022Article
- Effects of Different Glucose-Lowering Measures on Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Network Meta-analysis.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2021Article
- Gestational Diabetes and Risk Assessment of Adverse Perinatal Outcomes and Newborns Early Motoric Development.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Article
- Safe threshold of capillary blood glucose for predicting early future neonatal hypoglycaemia in babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, an observational, retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2021Observational
- Factors Associated with the Need for Insulin as a Complementary Treatment to Metformin in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2019Article
- Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Diet, Metformin or Insulin.Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences · 2018Article
- Metformin in the management of diabetes during pregnancy and lactation.Drugs in context · 2018Review
- Efficacy of metformin in improving glycaemic control & perinatal outcome in gestational diabetes mellitus: A non-randomized study.The Indian journal of medical research · 2017Article
- Glucose and metformin modulate human first trimester trophoblast function: a model and potential therapy for diabetes-associated uteroplacental insufficiency.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2015Article
- Using oral agents to manage gestational diabetes: what have we learned?Current diabetes reports · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesLimited data are available on metformin therapy in gestational diabetes. The aim of the study was to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treated with metformin with those treated with insulin, or diet alone. STUDY DESIGN AND
methodsWe conducted a retrospective study that included 45 GDM women treated with metformin, 45 women treated with insulin and 83 women with no pharmacological treatment. Subjects were matched for pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and age.
resultsThere were no differences between the metformin-treated group and the other two groups in terms of maternal outcomes (total weight gain during pregnancy or after the diagnosis of GDM, pre-pregnancy hypertension, pregnancy induced hypertension, pre-eclampsia etc.). In the diagnostic 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, glucose values were slightly, but significantly, higher in the insulin group than in the metformin group (p < 0.003). Eighteen percent of mothers treated with metformin needed supplementary insulin therapy. No differences between the metformin-treated group and the other two groups (insulin, diet only) were observed in relation to mean birth weights, prevalence of macrosomia, or gestational weeks at delivery. The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia was higher in the insulin group than in the metformin group (p = 0.03). There were no differences between the groups in other neonatal outcomes (small for gestational age, Apgar scores, umbilical artery pH or base excess, etc.).
conclusionThese retrospective data suggest that metformin is effective in controlling gestational diabetes and is not associated with a higher risk of maternal or neonatal complications compared with insulin.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.